tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-73241269640108708332024-03-19T05:34:36.751-07:00A Day in the Life of a Cow VetAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-83092898217031842512013-12-05T05:19:00.000-08:002013-12-05T09:44:39.559-08:00Double the FunYesterday, I performed two Cesarean sections (C-Sections). These were two cows that were pregnant with valuable embryos. There were 2 other cows also carrying embryos from the same mating that had already calved. Unfortunately for the cows carrying the first two embryos, these calves tended to be quite large and it was very traumatic for the cows and the calves, resulting in injury to the cow and death upon birth of the calf. Knowing there were still two more cows yet to calve, we decided that maybe it would be best to perform C-sections on the cows rather than potentially losing the next two cows and/or calves. These cows were due within days, so we knew the calves would be large enough and developed enough to survive.<br />
<br />
The only "pre-surgical" preparation that was needed was to give the cows each a dose of Dexamethasone about 24 hours prior to surgery. This is a steroid that is commonly used to induce cows that are beyond their due date. It is necessary to give the steroid even when performing a planned C-section because the lungs are the very last thing to be fully developed and functional at the time of birth. The injection of Dexamethasone to the cow, causes the production of the last components of the calf's fully functional lungs so that when the umbilical cord of the calf breaks, the calf is able to take a breath and take in oxygen via the lungs.<br />
<br />
As with every surgery, the cow is sedated, clipped, sterile scrubbed and blocked (numbed) with Lidocaine. Luckily I had enough help with these two C-sections, we were able to have a photographer. So this is a post of pictures! I'll explain what we are doing where needed. Both surgeries went very smoothly and there were two happy, BIG, healthy girls born!<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWqU3xA8YQek4dGBhEz7R58l0MoXlRBdEUj2VUsrwp1cCygRgQKMh0DzeE6wJ_318ilWlSZWZ43Jgi-dnEHIDu36mxOz6fcqHQc6Y60GeECfEJkH_VC0fJwbZccDgWH77C1aL-ZpMTov8/s1600/IMG_1520.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWqU3xA8YQek4dGBhEz7R58l0MoXlRBdEUj2VUsrwp1cCygRgQKMh0DzeE6wJ_318ilWlSZWZ43Jgi-dnEHIDu36mxOz6fcqHQc6Y60GeECfEJkH_VC0fJwbZccDgWH77C1aL-ZpMTov8/s1600/IMG_1520.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Opening the skin and muscle layers of the cow.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-tegjlCGWuwYqmmTZArJSXQAy6QnReZaZZrQZoNR473FiyktEC1I7TkC-_Up3AdyvOYz9EvXpQzeZ6cIcMkjbFJ0vXAaMdwhVyYYEaMgPp8e3Wr9CGbMQGZ-ZEndg-3ng5OQRRI4VXsU/s1600/IMG_1521.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-tegjlCGWuwYqmmTZArJSXQAy6QnReZaZZrQZoNR473FiyktEC1I7TkC-_Up3AdyvOYz9EvXpQzeZ6cIcMkjbFJ0vXAaMdwhVyYYEaMgPp8e3Wr9CGbMQGZ-ZEndg-3ng5OQRRI4VXsU/s1600/IMG_1521.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6xPa9bZyW4C3cIHBC8d-1YtbFKBJsm7QBMRW7h4bQeDF7LhmZzongRvR9h1B5csAfb8SHwZ1gYHxBOltgqzIUGYx_PST73hKEicydP3BET04Hkej3G6hJc9nNHQngnNWr3zfjSK1RJZk/s1600/IMG_1522.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6xPa9bZyW4C3cIHBC8d-1YtbFKBJsm7QBMRW7h4bQeDF7LhmZzongRvR9h1B5csAfb8SHwZ1gYHxBOltgqzIUGYx_PST73hKEicydP3BET04Hkej3G6hJc9nNHQngnNWr3zfjSK1RJZk/s1600/IMG_1522.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4ZmzZInFMQaJHtAaayP_vb3Zf_S8UhQ0Z3ps7lwjR4sjlWEHzikNktF14C9Jzk5hC9TvPzndDS0Wck8cR9ASCNgobAA-uFlWq3LOUCuFjfavbpUoUeDK-C2xCj2S30d_0_3OWmkPs1lQ/s1600/IMG_1524.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4ZmzZInFMQaJHtAaayP_vb3Zf_S8UhQ0Z3ps7lwjR4sjlWEHzikNktF14C9Jzk5hC9TvPzndDS0Wck8cR9ASCNgobAA-uFlWq3LOUCuFjfavbpUoUeDK-C2xCj2S30d_0_3OWmkPs1lQ/s1600/IMG_1524.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Moving the uterus from the right hand side of the cow to the incision.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2fRln-enBvJTsEb48_eqC3O31g6MTzXU7BLeQiYsJxcdUZ5RnhcQivN54my2veC4E5TFjJYiOsSI4hQCbELtZ5VqrhzdCfMSzbmERHJ7OGZmPn1KhWG4nCg_07vG6nCc7pIODRjPQz_0/s1600/IMG_1523.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2fRln-enBvJTsEb48_eqC3O31g6MTzXU7BLeQiYsJxcdUZ5RnhcQivN54my2veC4E5TFjJYiOsSI4hQCbELtZ5VqrhzdCfMSzbmERHJ7OGZmPn1KhWG4nCg_07vG6nCc7pIODRjPQz_0/s1600/IMG_1523.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHMiI91AA7Cu2Wpm7TyoY7rFKu5IgqSVuzhMBlUh_m_mbSkzo2e2nUPaDVIrBk56PsXZQEBLFrm6OyJcrjNwzCT2pA6eYOhlVkTQXrVuxrTv-ABwCgPEJQHHi2_5TuwSzCDrBXQ8DmFyM/s1600/IMG_1525.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHMiI91AA7Cu2Wpm7TyoY7rFKu5IgqSVuzhMBlUh_m_mbSkzo2e2nUPaDVIrBk56PsXZQEBLFrm6OyJcrjNwzCT2pA6eYOhlVkTQXrVuxrTv-ABwCgPEJQHHi2_5TuwSzCDrBXQ8DmFyM/s1600/IMG_1525.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Opening the uterus while my assistant holds the uterus at the incision.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiXCTVVhy7ovnYSqcBrRmtJxTv8CfLCdEHf40s62Gx8tqcwLko9SfVvRq7FPHaqUuQnkI3ug5YhgmrFfaliVPcxTu7d_4AAnjaGqWtqR3cN-iRb-qxtTRvLf6QjFYVfJpq-SYqw9r9me0/s1600/IMG_1526.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiXCTVVhy7ovnYSqcBrRmtJxTv8CfLCdEHf40s62Gx8tqcwLko9SfVvRq7FPHaqUuQnkI3ug5YhgmrFfaliVPcxTu7d_4AAnjaGqWtqR3cN-iRb-qxtTRvLf6QjFYVfJpq-SYqw9r9me0/s1600/IMG_1526.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOzjwDzGy0h8jktxIHATMoC37gmwC_N7jbbA74ixUAZ5LBn7LjtagZV1nXCgGq1MlcauGtnFUFLgXxHgMwFCcCHV8Zb2tB0-iFXsJk7bmK8zgMY4PRgwbOv25KrcQ54y9NWWXUWX73ULU/s1600/IMG_1527.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOzjwDzGy0h8jktxIHATMoC37gmwC_N7jbbA74ixUAZ5LBn7LjtagZV1nXCgGq1MlcauGtnFUFLgXxHgMwFCcCHV8Zb2tB0-iFXsJk7bmK8zgMY4PRgwbOv25KrcQ54y9NWWXUWX73ULU/s1600/IMG_1527.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Getting the head and legs of the calf out of the uterus.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXEmPuNlv2OBKcqXN_-fkcu9DRuEL_e_hbsX1W6Ok_1DsWQ2Cd8sH4SGoQKClbiJZ7Lc7XVih0NevWO_H5UNpVndY8quv6Da1ULJuwUYNJsdVvqNhzdOk8oB5gGhikFU2v6sySv_Px08E/s1600/IMG_1528.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXEmPuNlv2OBKcqXN_-fkcu9DRuEL_e_hbsX1W6Ok_1DsWQ2Cd8sH4SGoQKClbiJZ7Lc7XVih0NevWO_H5UNpVndY8quv6Da1ULJuwUYNJsdVvqNhzdOk8oB5gGhikFU2v6sySv_Px08E/s1600/IMG_1528.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpMMrRWC10PwRuNDCfTWsEPmtrxR-PKYw_a0PkZdIyKG7pOxHrxNJ1me3boEBKkbs1X82v3yVR7pAnL2urClofkDwrjp_DT1ZE4sizE4ZYXPMBUZ47_SdX-GRmrA-b2hriTusZgWX7h6A/s1600/IMG_1529.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpMMrRWC10PwRuNDCfTWsEPmtrxR-PKYw_a0PkZdIyKG7pOxHrxNJ1me3boEBKkbs1X82v3yVR7pAnL2urClofkDwrjp_DT1ZE4sizE4ZYXPMBUZ47_SdX-GRmrA-b2hriTusZgWX7h6A/s1600/IMG_1529.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyqTArswzvY6LJ5M_zuDGluS5nyLYsuQXTr4i_39iEsCvUL2Dgy10fvRd0ZqbnmBwH00YemFnz11E1kBqK4JPD3EUb74IwjDiZYjR3-QhWboO0BEq-bdmQXBQX_X00tE8JUv1aDcJKn5Q/s1600/IMG_1530.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyqTArswzvY6LJ5M_zuDGluS5nyLYsuQXTr4i_39iEsCvUL2Dgy10fvRd0ZqbnmBwH00YemFnz11E1kBqK4JPD3EUb74IwjDiZYjR3-QhWboO0BEq-bdmQXBQX_X00tE8JUv1aDcJKn5Q/s1600/IMG_1530.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMXmtGj-9ccSmm-hG4cwk7hbNygAWQSJDAF8rulX5g01CS667GF6q1xvrUBdAGjkyyF-EdQXU2LDRLShQIJEj1xHGGuIAyhLh8F9vv65UFfjBq9LUxblCe-iRcTbYH-yi17-DHn2ihvOo/s1600/IMG_1531.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMXmtGj-9ccSmm-hG4cwk7hbNygAWQSJDAF8rulX5g01CS667GF6q1xvrUBdAGjkyyF-EdQXU2LDRLShQIJEj1xHGGuIAyhLh8F9vv65UFfjBq9LUxblCe-iRcTbYH-yi17-DHn2ihvOo/s1600/IMG_1531.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioA7TJdEcWr9jbzSYn27vLQZ79XQMuBW8Cb5aZMiGdyoocA0DMTVziKzpxsg80us1V5pjfkB8kqRcQ6SKr1Q-nbMGtwwisRJaTBvWS3mgLYBjpe1aDq5Ng1VWkJvQMb2nC6pwM5b_epoE/s1600/IMG_1532.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioA7TJdEcWr9jbzSYn27vLQZ79XQMuBW8Cb5aZMiGdyoocA0DMTVziKzpxsg80us1V5pjfkB8kqRcQ6SKr1Q-nbMGtwwisRJaTBvWS3mgLYBjpe1aDq5Ng1VWkJvQMb2nC6pwM5b_epoE/s1600/IMG_1532.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Two other helpers pulling the calf up and out of the uterus.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbpvYKgdVz3pWxg5v1tt2lya7dh-4dmXYvdYK2f9A7pKLPfycihjF0AHBldKW5MjOC5Dyqju4b-jzLWzY1PPQpXHA8sRQwpTv8DVdR6_V1XeYs6yqRAfF-gUg9Sf-pCTEx0u58AHziRTc/s1600/IMG_1533.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbpvYKgdVz3pWxg5v1tt2lya7dh-4dmXYvdYK2f9A7pKLPfycihjF0AHBldKW5MjOC5Dyqju4b-jzLWzY1PPQpXHA8sRQwpTv8DVdR6_V1XeYs6yqRAfF-gUg9Sf-pCTEx0u58AHziRTc/s1600/IMG_1533.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7Sn3DUz2OX8N55jTgvCtYvIaGGN7pMnbL0okGgDSZKZvMYwvyDg1FsQ98X8WK7Fm95vdE2W-vi4TStIwUfO2FEeLCbSqo_iSX2_6Gg5NxmmrbiQligbQAZ1Z0B0EDaoILZSA1Q7McGMk/s1600/IMG_1537.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7Sn3DUz2OX8N55jTgvCtYvIaGGN7pMnbL0okGgDSZKZvMYwvyDg1FsQ98X8WK7Fm95vdE2W-vi4TStIwUfO2FEeLCbSqo_iSX2_6Gg5NxmmrbiQligbQAZ1Z0B0EDaoILZSA1Q7McGMk/s1600/IMG_1537.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Trying to get the large hips of the calf out without tearing the uterus. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQbq_oatX0IJFfby7noornMY7fMx4Mb0DTskM-ExQVlLnud43dnqSKIIAi7tJXTSZ7HVBlE1MZz3wJ9OoISJnemD6Mq5HfkMtM_8OV0eQv31xqW_ttETxHGpB_wGw0ez-UdtH4mHA9UwA/s1600/IMG_1538.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQbq_oatX0IJFfby7noornMY7fMx4Mb0DTskM-ExQVlLnud43dnqSKIIAi7tJXTSZ7HVBlE1MZz3wJ9OoISJnemD6Mq5HfkMtM_8OV0eQv31xqW_ttETxHGpB_wGw0ez-UdtH4mHA9UwA/s1600/IMG_1538.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwG87_-ec47PxQMIx3fBqUj2sKuD_HykYR7k6Sh7m2bQJGXrXTiNZ-QG1b6VbHq1UWENQ7d4tE-_z8cwdo5FdoxsnMJeSknvlPd7rUrttJ1DDwNrfCXJbrCuZ6bTyMii3DdNs2z9DO_oM/s1600/IMG_1540.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwG87_-ec47PxQMIx3fBqUj2sKuD_HykYR7k6Sh7m2bQJGXrXTiNZ-QG1b6VbHq1UWENQ7d4tE-_z8cwdo5FdoxsnMJeSknvlPd7rUrttJ1DDwNrfCXJbrCuZ6bTyMii3DdNs2z9DO_oM/s1600/IMG_1540.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The hole the calf just came out of. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5GhBEjKzPenQlb4EI-bf5s0OOgyGehJ8-nOELNYxVOQz7urpRJI66q-vO4yMo0ew0xh_I-w5Ps_sGupHB-4TaVGOj10FTdLc6ddcNJax3TZ0Ew3rd4Hv0Uu_5aAnhXAuajwOSngJc0uQ/s1600/IMG_1539.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5GhBEjKzPenQlb4EI-bf5s0OOgyGehJ8-nOELNYxVOQz7urpRJI66q-vO4yMo0ew0xh_I-w5Ps_sGupHB-4TaVGOj10FTdLc6ddcNJax3TZ0Ew3rd4Hv0Uu_5aAnhXAuajwOSngJc0uQ/s1600/IMG_1539.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The empty uterus before being sewn up. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvkjiuqUXYa-3dhlU-LqfVfoy4iGP4q4jpTNzTz-FM5_lx3L4_CDKlp0xF9jL05ARscujvOSX7eOzxdPIYXXjlvf85jWK1jXaBraNkRW46z1PuL6etqfLnLCGVDmNTKyO09bvkCV5hDUc/s1600/IMG_1541.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvkjiuqUXYa-3dhlU-LqfVfoy4iGP4q4jpTNzTz-FM5_lx3L4_CDKlp0xF9jL05ARscujvOSX7eOzxdPIYXXjlvf85jWK1jXaBraNkRW46z1PuL6etqfLnLCGVDmNTKyO09bvkCV5hDUc/s1600/IMG_1541.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Suturing the first layer of the uterus. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTQ-51FbV9In54dAy_omyweDjcI6ihd2SuFGNxkO59gOEmwGR_BOgRREFoQtThbREXPujlpYWzzRDqfyC4tZOl7bwf8RFqUh5V0j_AEr0HnrJlLD1OXHZWL5gr9CQg9Be70YkDs6xYQG8/s1600/IMG_1542.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTQ-51FbV9In54dAy_omyweDjcI6ihd2SuFGNxkO59gOEmwGR_BOgRREFoQtThbREXPujlpYWzzRDqfyC4tZOl7bwf8RFqUh5V0j_AEr0HnrJlLD1OXHZWL5gr9CQg9Be70YkDs6xYQG8/s1600/IMG_1542.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjb8ZKqJu1IzBNMIgPxNtISNGANInxXQEcXXI1wINJazCPvxH0w7IATGXQ3FV4IelxLC6kT2WyQV4j0KM1Rich3FiJECzeNTjOEMrZGRC-FpAQWf_y0wZae9h5eQOMfQQz7-ThdujrSVGw/s1600/IMG_1544.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjb8ZKqJu1IzBNMIgPxNtISNGANInxXQEcXXI1wINJazCPvxH0w7IATGXQ3FV4IelxLC6kT2WyQV4j0KM1Rich3FiJECzeNTjOEMrZGRC-FpAQWf_y0wZae9h5eQOMfQQz7-ThdujrSVGw/s1600/IMG_1544.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqIp9dLqd7ILKAbRTUM7xJh7svmAUQZvdRWGEE1532tR1gb2auMc3GeJsC7NBRDnlJFVNM6Slm17OePZkJZN_DV-zVmmFvoafWHVUet87lNzOna6I7T_NNDaeq2sJv4tgJWymCK5pEC_8/s1600/IMG_1549.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqIp9dLqd7ILKAbRTUM7xJh7svmAUQZvdRWGEE1532tR1gb2auMc3GeJsC7NBRDnlJFVNM6Slm17OePZkJZN_DV-zVmmFvoafWHVUet87lNzOna6I7T_NNDaeq2sJv4tgJWymCK5pEC_8/s1600/IMG_1549.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Suturing the second layer of the uterus. The uterus is closed in 2 layers to prevent leakage. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKeMTgLhCcZhOED5e-vdKfyoSdz_c0haREwR-9ljtVoEvMwgKNSadNq0EB9JyPZZs5xdwymXwP-_VLcjbgCnRYqKOWzTCqtgxMKabSym2DtEYV2IxXv9jDHEpUVKstfpKjQlkCyMLzXZs/s1600/IMG_1551.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKeMTgLhCcZhOED5e-vdKfyoSdz_c0haREwR-9ljtVoEvMwgKNSadNq0EB9JyPZZs5xdwymXwP-_VLcjbgCnRYqKOWzTCqtgxMKabSym2DtEYV2IxXv9jDHEpUVKstfpKjQlkCyMLzXZs/s1600/IMG_1551.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Washing, washing and washing the uterus. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ8TT4mckcRmZS71ekPGVyOx8ZiGsEM0mzouhCmftj8vtue8Nu-v8ijqDtBVHDlHiXe0i2aTUnN2GsDmEUXoFo3XGzN5D0Pz3UMzeHZazHVs0Q9MyAyxHZSbkrg5xgYdpHZ7Y5pKJTdLI/s1600/IMG_1553.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ8TT4mckcRmZS71ekPGVyOx8ZiGsEM0mzouhCmftj8vtue8Nu-v8ijqDtBVHDlHiXe0i2aTUnN2GsDmEUXoFo3XGzN5D0Pz3UMzeHZazHVs0Q9MyAyxHZSbkrg5xgYdpHZ7Y5pKJTdLI/s1600/IMG_1553.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">More washing of the uterus. Need to get all "extra" stuff off to prevent scarring of the uterus and infection. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw1gRsJ7ZEYM2hzlhdQa7tbcF-83f53VT8VnOtfCUMwu1cXLv7BCUZQjBS219Prg7FbaCSk_5qCFCpPCvlt5g5an6ghiE8Bbcabo4RjBaq_avqf1ARdjiDTh-ogDzg4stBxkTtUNsHLdU/s1600/IMG_1554.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiw1gRsJ7ZEYM2hzlhdQa7tbcF-83f53VT8VnOtfCUMwu1cXLv7BCUZQjBS219Prg7FbaCSk_5qCFCpPCvlt5g5an6ghiE8Bbcabo4RjBaq_avqf1ARdjiDTh-ogDzg4stBxkTtUNsHLdU/s1600/IMG_1554.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The uterus back in it's rightful place. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzOtdZuw6Zsi3o_o101WyKvEHRKsEvVnn1YZsU_Xm73GuAo6WDXKuhE8CJMqVvKYwnmED1oomhRi9MrtVhyWh0xXksHGOl3NEXzqHRZhAt89WofvXj7eBZBayv93s8eKiRqjnUAKYfOns/s1600/IMG_1555.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzOtdZuw6Zsi3o_o101WyKvEHRKsEvVnn1YZsU_Xm73GuAo6WDXKuhE8CJMqVvKYwnmED1oomhRi9MrtVhyWh0xXksHGOl3NEXzqHRZhAt89WofvXj7eBZBayv93s8eKiRqjnUAKYfOns/s1600/IMG_1555.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Closing the muscle layers of the cow. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBhCZlRE0zy_SUXOXcMwbAyBns5vy__nq9Kfs4lpqFynO3ebgVC43QGkhQKdw6sPyX1XE913JXMeP8IT9LvKNLa8D-2mO3JuyhmpiIzYBbBxDSUv7wCHq982DjnqBD4lDJPJKUm-EcTEk/s1600/IMG_1557.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBhCZlRE0zy_SUXOXcMwbAyBns5vy__nq9Kfs4lpqFynO3ebgVC43QGkhQKdw6sPyX1XE913JXMeP8IT9LvKNLa8D-2mO3JuyhmpiIzYBbBxDSUv7wCHq982DjnqBD4lDJPJKUm-EcTEk/s1600/IMG_1557.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVpqViFa9F8zfeou5fu5ikx2uAXWdjJcpIOhLTLZjROfPCCQyuJZjPwZiOuiX4npv3xuF3f8xVwHFuRnZAktMIHwOK-mIMI_7OeYgNO3UFiqyg6jtZGz9d0H6C1juGcY08YPuOBViyLUs/s1600/IMG_1559.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVpqViFa9F8zfeou5fu5ikx2uAXWdjJcpIOhLTLZjROfPCCQyuJZjPwZiOuiX4npv3xuF3f8xVwHFuRnZAktMIHwOK-mIMI_7OeYgNO3UFiqyg6jtZGz9d0H6C1juGcY08YPuOBViyLUs/s1600/IMG_1559.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Closing the skin of the cow.<br />
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNcqfL9kmrQmS22uBL1sGNDNJJYpbwMuFOOxqoehoyF1S8nWi3tJecmXM5HBBBEUarAEk-l7S29xTZhDiMPOAmfY2tRtTyrHA9nljGF4CkZ9DxW0-g0Crwp_GCz48NBSSqyzHvC9BIEzA/s1600/IMG_1561.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNcqfL9kmrQmS22uBL1sGNDNJJYpbwMuFOOxqoehoyF1S8nWi3tJecmXM5HBBBEUarAEk-l7S29xTZhDiMPOAmfY2tRtTyrHA9nljGF4CkZ9DxW0-g0Crwp_GCz48NBSSqyzHvC9BIEzA/s1600/IMG_1561.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Put back together!</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Both cows were very good patients and stood very well during the entire procedure. Because the body was not yet prepared to have the baby, the placenta was still very strongly attached to the uterus, and I was not able to remove it. Both cows were started on antibiotics to prevent them from getting sick from the surgery or from the retained placenta. They will be checked again at their routine herd check on Friday to be sure they are on the right path to healing. The calves were given 1 gallon of colostrum within 5 minutes of being born, an oral vaccination to prevent colonization of pathogenic E. Coli, and the umbilicus was dipped with 7% tincture iodine to prevent infection entering the body from the open umbilical stump. Both calves were already trying to stand up before I even had their mom sewn up!!! C-sections are a bit harder on the cow than a natural birth, and require a longer recovery time. However, in this situation, based on the size of the calves, these C-sections were the right decision for both the cow and the calf!<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmfWElRHnGe-BidltXEwKWAK_cklWCmvstRytBdbjn2D5_tqfXVlMRyJjvXvEoQdXGBGmUyFXDajj2_oWgpbgKzVD3wMRYk_Xu4rn5UZw3_NMCZBBb72oZUPWA4sl0I0Qr8cJVNvBhsdI/s1600/IMG_1543.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmfWElRHnGe-BidltXEwKWAK_cklWCmvstRytBdbjn2D5_tqfXVlMRyJjvXvEoQdXGBGmUyFXDajj2_oWgpbgKzVD3wMRYk_Xu4rn5UZw3_NMCZBBb72oZUPWA4sl0I0Qr8cJVNvBhsdI/s1600/IMG_1543.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The new addition to the farm!!!</td><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><br /></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com20tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-26041822583116678752013-11-22T10:45:00.001-08:002013-11-22T10:45:45.129-08:00The "Big Picture"<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
In vet school there is always at least one class that you
just don’t seem to comprehend, no matter how hard you study, or talk through it
with classmates or stare at the pages of the textbook.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For me, one of those classes (there were
actually a couple for me…) was pathology. Pathology is by definition the
“condition and processes of disease.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
We started learning pathology 2<sup>nd</sup> year<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>of vet school at the cellular level and spent
A LOT of time (6-8 hrs/wk) looking through a microscope.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It didn’t matter how much time I spent
looking at slides or reading descriptions, it just didn’t make sense to me. I’m
a “big picture” person. And looking at individual cells under 100 x
magnifications was NOT big picture. I hated the class and thought I was going
to DREAD my pathology rotation my senior year.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It wasn’t until that senior year rotation, where I spent 6
weeks on the necropsy (a.k.a. autopsy) floor, did the “big picture” finally
make sense.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’m not sure how many
animals I actually necropsied, but examining the dead animal as a whole and
then dissecting down to a microscopic level actually helped me figure out all
the stuff I was SUPPOSE to learn 2<sup>nd</sup> year…. By the end of the 6
weeks, I actually liked necropsies and trying to figure out why the animal
died.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In general practice, I have performed multiple necropsies,
but not nearly as many as I did during my pathology rotation at school.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Unfortunately, many producers don’t want to
spend the money to figure out why the animal died, especially if it’s just one
animal every now and then.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I will say
that producers are MUCH more willing to spend the money when there are multiple
deaths and there is obviously a serious disease wreaking havoc on the
system.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I was at a regular herd check the other day when I saw a
dead cow lying outside one of the pens.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>As I always do, I asked the herdsman what the cow’s history was and if
they knew why she died. In this case, the herdsman said they really didn’t
know. She was a “low cow” which is a cow that is probably at one of the least
stressful time periods of her life, other than a dry cow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The night crew had said they found her pushed
by the alley scraper to the edge of the pit where the manure dumps into.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Even if she slipped and fell, getting pushed
by the alley scraper is not nearly enough to kill a cow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, I asked if they would like me to perform
a necropsy on her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They agreed that
would be a good idea since there really was no other apparent reason for her
death.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I’ve talked a bit about how we perform necropsies in at
least one other post.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So as a quick
review, we want the animal lying down on her left side so the right side is
facing up. This is because the rumen takes up the entire left side of the
abdomen and if the cow were laying on her right side, we would open the cow up
and only see rumen.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We would then have
to try to move the very large, very heavy, 2<sup>nd</sup> stomach compartment
out of the way to see the rest of the abdominal contents. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqFCvFqnwQ033_f9ny2FpKp3IyrpYbeRp5gQ3CN2BT4sBSb6zHfl0BYC2oF068Okg3ULjANL6mcWh87UdynaBHfODDN5E_vCbL6HDX3SHfgiAWZwVOMb4n1DhrWDhY7LVkBtuBZeP_X_8/s1600/ResizedImage951383669207213.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqFCvFqnwQ033_f9ny2FpKp3IyrpYbeRp5gQ3CN2BT4sBSb6zHfl0BYC2oF068Okg3ULjANL6mcWh87UdynaBHfODDN5E_vCbL6HDX3SHfgiAWZwVOMb4n1DhrWDhY7LVkBtuBZeP_X_8/s1600/ResizedImage951383669207213.jpg" height="400" width="223" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cows eye socket with white conjunctiva</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>Once the cow is lying
on the correct side, I like to take an overall assessment of the animal to see
if there are any obvious exterior signs the animal has. In this case the cow
did not have any apparent scrapes, bruising, broken bones or discharge coming
out of any orifice. I then noticed her eyes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>As you can see in the picture, the area around the actual eyeball is
VERY white. So, before I even cut her open to evaluate the inside, I knew this
cow had severe blood loss and cause of death was most likely due from exsanguination.
I just had to find where such an event occurred.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGxPzEuyAe1sGl5kppOeVxusof68gRckMWNlxgJb49w5Ys8TdPgS3WcO8W8cXTTQVzUlBsyOuHCuc0RBVEICvf1uNAKE0V637kXSQIGb1s3g3PRaP5gOlEzpcaEIaZcmS9Pc-TUYGbKI8/s1600/ResizedImage_1383669214407.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGxPzEuyAe1sGl5kppOeVxusof68gRckMWNlxgJb49w5Ys8TdPgS3WcO8W8cXTTQVzUlBsyOuHCuc0RBVEICvf1uNAKE0V637kXSQIGb1s3g3PRaP5gOlEzpcaEIaZcmS9Pc-TUYGbKI8/s1600/ResizedImage_1383669214407.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Findings when opening the abdominal cavity</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
When I opened her up, I found what is pictured.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The intestines all looked fine,
but the blood obviously pooled in the cranial (front) part of the abdominal
cavity. At first I thought this was a cow that suffered from a right displaced
abomasum. When severe enough and twisted, a RDA can cut off all circulation to
the intestines, essentially making them die off and turn black.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After a bit more investigation, I found the
abomasum, and it was normal. This was NOT an RDA.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I was then concerned that the cow may have suffered from
hardware disease and the blood loss was from a punctured vessel caused by a
wire or nail or some sharp metal object. Based on other findings such as
perfectly normal lungs, heart and liver, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and lack of finding any sharp metal object, this
was also ruled out.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When I cut into the
blood mass, I thought I would be cutting directly into the stomach.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>To my surprise, I cut into a giant blood clot
and that was it. There was no feed material or fecal material coming out at
me.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was pure blood.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Dissecting further I realized that ALL of the
blood was in the omentum, and all the stomach compartments and intestines were
completely normal in appearance.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBRJ4tQBsKUpvplLpYOb3jiXLCzPjfiBwMLZIDRnR_STf_StCSdqB53ItaG9MJ1tIhyAMk1XyefXWVXg01WnXMhpiFw_sVaITKYNbk14ZrlarWlSPxgeCcjpQAQcd0hhqBICB8eAje4lE/s1600/ResizedImage951383669197542.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBRJ4tQBsKUpvplLpYOb3jiXLCzPjfiBwMLZIDRnR_STf_StCSdqB53ItaG9MJ1tIhyAMk1XyefXWVXg01WnXMhpiFw_sVaITKYNbk14ZrlarWlSPxgeCcjpQAQcd0hhqBICB8eAje4lE/s1600/ResizedImage951383669197542.jpg" height="320" width="180" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Blood Clot</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeVR5g5XhUuYy05eB7ACWWEdxxA9BjApJp3G32GxMNDZtJZfUyOyuAdAe0SfW7MTRfIuIv03UiX91ykUCZnl6nDLr5pQGIVF-fFXTQ25k9SllbkbSEozTPDRCG6dZojVxfTryNQ7LL44g/s1600/ResizedImage951383669186935.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeVR5g5XhUuYy05eB7ACWWEdxxA9BjApJp3G32GxMNDZtJZfUyOyuAdAe0SfW7MTRfIuIv03UiX91ykUCZnl6nDLr5pQGIVF-fFXTQ25k9SllbkbSEozTPDRCG6dZojVxfTryNQ7LL44g/s1600/ResizedImage951383669186935.jpg" height="320" width="180" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Blood clot</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The omentum is the “sling” that holds all of the abdominal
contents in place.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is a vital organ in
that it will wall off any leakage from the intestines or infection, provides
immune function and stores fat. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this
cow, I was able to dissect away enough blood in the omentum to follow the clot
back up to the liver.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the picture you
can see the size of the vessel at the end of my thumb. It is not as large as the mammary veins are, however this is still a significantly sized vessel.</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkehRpN1s4WleRnXFjASvaq9a_OjEXEoazVgxDyE93Iuk0Ar8UDX_6En-Nacgt90eD4kPb8CDwtOoNLq1DwqC0hy5aOugiUV0gWLg7LJba_1FkUR4YJwoHt3Xm_L_bR3Wsp3sbWctPP4A/s1600/ResizedImage951383669177721.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkehRpN1s4WleRnXFjASvaq9a_OjEXEoazVgxDyE93Iuk0Ar8UDX_6En-Nacgt90eD4kPb8CDwtOoNLq1DwqC0hy5aOugiUV0gWLg7LJba_1FkUR4YJwoHt3Xm_L_bR3Wsp3sbWctPP4A/s1600/ResizedImage951383669177721.jpg" height="320" width="180" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The vessel seen at the end of my thumb</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Unfortunately there was too much blood for me to truly find
whether there was an aneurysm or hole in the vessel. I did dissect through
various parts of the liver to see if there were any liver abscesses that might
have caused bacterial migration through the vessel and essentially erode the
vessel so that it leaked.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The liver
looked completely normal and healthy.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This is a diagram of the mesentery of a dog. Although a cow's is a little different, you can still appreciate how intricate and important the mesentery is and how many vessels could potentially have problems!</div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVA_OXYzgfA-6yRzMSmYtIiJyZuo3dA8gH-QNIMnwFQFLDY5zl6FP74aa9TY-K7P4uBlX47jgR_zDaVgBAo4HWDkfhvAmUNb3MRBMDxgidg9SLINJlteFEhr2K4C0JsQZ8aJKjAgKFxpQ/s1600/Dog+mesentery.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVA_OXYzgfA-6yRzMSmYtIiJyZuo3dA8gH-QNIMnwFQFLDY5zl6FP74aa9TY-K7P4uBlX47jgR_zDaVgBAo4HWDkfhvAmUNb3MRBMDxgidg9SLINJlteFEhr2K4C0JsQZ8aJKjAgKFxpQ/s1600/Dog+mesentery.gif" height="178" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">My diagnosis based on my gross findings or the “big
picture” findings, was that the cow had a mesenteric artery or vein tear and
bled out into the omentum. I don’t believe it was anything the farmer or
herdsman was going to prevent and it wasn’t anything that would affect the rest
of the animals in the group. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The omentum
did its job and walled off the emergency, but unfortunately it was unable to
stop the bleeding before the cow bled to death. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I may not know the exact microscopic pathology
and the owner did not want to spend money to send in samples, but sometimes all
we really need to see is the big picture. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In this case the “big picture” cause of death
was from exsanguination. </span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-29837880600518453192013-11-07T05:40:00.003-08:002013-11-07T14:12:23.915-08:00The Changing Face of D.V.M.<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]-->I went to one of my old high school football play-off games
a couple weeks ago. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As we were sitting
on the bleachers wrapped in blankets, with our winter coats and gloves on, my
grandmother turns to me and says; “You are really slacking on the blog posts
these days aren’t ya????.” Touche Gram, Touche.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Well here is my defense…<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We are well into fall and winter is right around the corner. This time
of year is always a bit slower for multiple reasons. The weather is much
cooler. Cows LOVE when it doesn’t get above 50 degrees.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The farmers have harvested all the crops and
they are properly stored and “cooking” in the bunker silos. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The food supply for the cows is much more
consistent, which in turn results in a more consistent life for cows, and
therefore they are happy and healthy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’m
not cutting multiple DA’s a week and the cows having calves for whatever
reason, seem to have an easier go of it. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6Q3YyetocChfabHocsCZ1p17Q7gxabkZjo2yG2o83vbezE6MXcKnh0ckR3vwl_czjDMRU__V1Zmib6eZnfOSRlTSkJKkdmezY2C7tY1_wDZWJnBE6uQJrDFo7y0WsR7Cjjyygu-JtKvk/s1600/1024131320.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6Q3YyetocChfabHocsCZ1p17Q7gxabkZjo2yG2o83vbezE6MXcKnh0ckR3vwl_czjDMRU__V1Zmib6eZnfOSRlTSkJKkdmezY2C7tY1_wDZWJnBE6uQJrDFo7y0WsR7Cjjyygu-JtKvk/s1600/1024131320.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a>This "slow" time of year also seems to
bring about multiple opportunities for different drug companies, veterinary
organizations and veterinary clinics to host a continuing education
meeting.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I recently attended one at the
Sagamore Resort in Lake George, NY.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It
was sponsored by Zoetis Animal Health, a popular drug company formerly known as
Pfizer. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Whenever drug companies offer to
put you up, it’s always worth taking the opportunity. Lake George is a gorgeous
part of the region as it is, but this was the view from my top floor hotel
room, and a view of my marble lined tub. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Drug companies don’t usually skimp on accommodations.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And I can guarantee you that this is not a
place I would have paid for on my own… yeah, I’m part Dutch and cheap, when it
comes to certain things. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkj60PLyTemXfi1fxPmU_7iQptUIj4H-C8VyMDAPY7cH0umH4oslZ7PPbln0xT-AwzY1bNZlhFfw54W-c5eslX1jjE2V_RTuP59eCa603uQojSaYgWTo7P1NX97y_kXZYdcuvh4aWTDPQ/s1600/1023132110.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkj60PLyTemXfi1fxPmU_7iQptUIj4H-C8VyMDAPY7cH0umH4oslZ7PPbln0xT-AwzY1bNZlhFfw54W-c5eslX1jjE2V_RTuP59eCa603uQojSaYgWTo7P1NX97y_kXZYdcuvh4aWTDPQ/s1600/1023132110.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a>The title of my post this week is “The Changing Face of
D.V.M.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s a bit of a play on words,
because everyone with a D.V.M. degree is very aware that the environment of the
job is changing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cost of a veterinary degree is
skyrocketing and starting salaries rarely keep pace. Those of us in Dairy
Veterinary Medicine (D.V.M.) seem to be feeling the changes a little closer to
home. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
When I started writing this blog almost a year ago, it was
because my friends and family would hear some of the crazy stories I had, and
say “you need to write a book.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Well, my
position hasn’t changed, and I have no interest in writing a book.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I never read the James Herriot series and I
know that may surprise you.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was my
life growing up on a farm that sparked my interest in veterinary medicine, not
heroic stories of a country vet.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now, as
I go through my days and think about what I’m going to write about in my next
blog, I do struggle to find the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">cool</i>
or <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">crazy</i> stories of cases I’ve seen
or dealt with. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As a profession we don’t
run from farm to farm seeing 20 individual sick cows a day. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The dairy industry has changed and changed
quite dramatically from the times of the early James Herriot novels. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Even in the small
animal world, veterinarians focus on preventative medicine; vaccinations, good
nutrition, exercise, regular checkups and blood work to PREVENT diseases from
creeping up.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is very similar in the
Food Animal world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now, as I’m sitting in
this conference in Lake George, words like “PREDICTIVE Medicine” and “Consulting”
are being tossed around in common dialogue. We have reached a point in this
profession where I’m not a James Herriot and never will be. We have blood tests
that can detect pregnancy (what has previously and continues to be most dairy
veterinarians bread and butter), lay people doing surgeries, and having the
knowledge to diagnose and treat sick cows, and the list goes on. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As a profession, we now have the technology
that we can use to predict those animals that area going to get sick, or that
population of animals that is at an increased risk of having issues and are not
running around to treat these animals after they become sick. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Our conferences focus
on designing and evaluating ventilation systems for calf barns, developing new
services so clients see the value in a “need” for veterinarians and their
knowledge, dealing with new rules and regulations from the FDA when it comes to
antibiotics, and evaluating and implementing new reproductive programs to get
cows pregnant on a farm, just to name a few. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s pretty rare that I’ve been to a
conference in the last several years that tells me how to specifically deal with
a specific disease one dairy cow has. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
So, yeah, I’ve been slacking on the blog posts lately because
I’ve already talked about the most common diseases I deal with as a dairy
veterinarian. It’s not that I haven’t been working, it’s just I’ve been
spending time in the “preventative” realm of my job; monitoring, evaluating and
consulting. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although I do see the occasional
weird case, it’s not like I have crazy, weird cases every day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s even pushing it to find a weird one in a
month! For most veterinarians, we prefer NOT to see lots of sick cows. It means
we, my clients and I, are actually doing a good job at the PREVENTATIVE portion
of my job! </div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-69115975351711347982013-10-09T13:33:00.002-07:002013-10-10T04:56:52.052-07:00"An apple a day....."Fall in the Northeast is probably my favorite time of year.
The red, orange, yellow and gold colors are abundant and make the scenery even
more beautiful than it already is. Dunkin Donuts has pumpkin donuts, pumpkin
coffee and pumpkin muffins and the fresh apple cider can’t be beat!!! Along
with the fresh cider is an abundance of fresh apples to make pies, apple crisp,
applesauce… and the list of my favorites goes on. <br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
We’ve all heard the saying “an apple a day keeps the doctor
away.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As much as I love apples, cows
tend to love apples too. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Unfortunately,
when cows try to eat apples, it’s more of a <i>request</i> for a visit from the doctor than it is to keep her away…..<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I’ve had two calls in the last week from clients that thought
their cow was not eating or drinking, was coughing and acting “off.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The most recent call was much more emergent
in the fact that the farmer brought the cow in from pasture and she was
extremely bloated. The owner thought he felt something hard in the cow’s
throat, but wasn’t really sure if it was real. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When I arrived I found #100 lying down, very uncomfortable,
with an extremely distended abdomen, cold ears and obviously in distress.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK2hy8h26rcS4hrdyxdPehfY04glkefFY7v7riGRmOnNnyZ3LfpENlNuFfZuAyvT7G_gqlfP28VZ2fiQtXID7EyMMLOsZVTfIczv7xgVBoWIPwYXHvImrQNPmrkg0Liz6KsvcvaO3sirs/s1600/1008131852.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhK2hy8h26rcS4hrdyxdPehfY04glkefFY7v7riGRmOnNnyZ3LfpENlNuFfZuAyvT7G_gqlfP28VZ2fiQtXID7EyMMLOsZVTfIczv7xgVBoWIPwYXHvImrQNPmrkg0Liz6KsvcvaO3sirs/s1600/1008131852.jpg" height="150" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Severe Rumen Bloat</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
As I’ve discussed before, when a cow bloats, it causes
severe pressure on their diaphragm and lungs and prevents them from breathing
easily and efficiently.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As you can see
from the picture, she was severely distended, so my first order of business was
to relieve the bloat and allow her to actually be able to catch a breath. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In order to relieve her bloat, I placed a red
trocar in the rumen as I have also discussed in a previous<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <a href="http://cowdoc1981.blogspot.com/2012/12/whirlwind-wednesday_20.html" target="_blank">post.</a></span> Once the bloat was relieved, and she was able
to take a breath, I was able to examine the rest of her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As I was looking at #100 I was asking the
farmer if he had any apple trees in the pasture. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>His response was “yeah a pile of them.” </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRQ9wYWjP2ki-eCeq2Yb3Q388c00g80W_H6T_64-Ur8eS60Qy5U4saIF-JOEIeI_wbog8p0zZ2Ty5z4xxTM-HSnEuqTYh4XAPMwMSTIVz0lRnqAfzNVrcNEqo4p8AMmW90f74vniIWicg/s1600/1008131931.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRQ9wYWjP2ki-eCeq2Yb3Q388c00g80W_H6T_64-Ur8eS60Qy5U4saIF-JOEIeI_wbog8p0zZ2Ty5z4xxTM-HSnEuqTYh4XAPMwMSTIVz0lRnqAfzNVrcNEqo4p8AMmW90f74vniIWicg/s1600/1008131931.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The obstruction visible in the shaved area</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Feeling the cow’s
neck, I was able to palpate a large baseball size lump, about half way
down her neck.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was pretty positive she tried to eat an
apple and she ended up swallowing it whole and was now choking on it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Because cows do not have upper incisors, they
can’t just bite into part of an apple. Usually they end up putting the entire
apple in their mouth and then try to bite it with their molars. If the apple is
hard it may not break and can shoot directly down their throat, or the cow will
just try to swallow the apple whole. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s
great if they can actually get the apple to their stomach without any trouble,
but if the apple is bigger than the esophagus, it can cause some major issues.</div>
<br />
The first call I had with this issue, was a small beef cow,
which must have eaten a smaller apple. By the time I arrived, she had passed
the apple on her own and had started to nibble on hay and drink some
water.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was started on some
anti-inflammatory medicine to help with the soreness and any trauma the apple
caused on its way down.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was in a
much better way than #100.<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The approach that I take when I am faced with an animal
choking is to first sedate the animal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>When an animal is choking, much like a human, they begin to panic and
all their muscles, including the esophagus, will tense. With sedation, we hope
that the animal will relax enough that we may be able to massage the
obstruction down the esophagus, or when we pass a tube down the esophagus, we
will be able to move the obstruction with the tube.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Once #100 was sedated, I took a firm tube and tried to move
the apple down the esophagus. It wouldn’t budge.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Because the esophagus is a smooth muscle, and
kind of an important muscle to have, it’s crucial not to be too forceful when
trying to remove an obstruction, causing more damage. When the apple wouldn’t
move with the gentle pressure of a tube, I went to my next plan- pumping water
down her throat to try and “flush” the apple down, rather than adding more force. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As I was pumping the water in, she was
spitting it right back up as fast as I was pumping it. After trying to pump 3-4 gallons of water down her,
I decided it was a futile effort.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now I’m
not sure what I’m going to do… The poor cow was still coughing and trying to burp to get
the apple up, and what I was doing was not working.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcAVDYGmOZ_SnNAyTDOJIxtHjt36s7tgRvudpTECUCoXHJvTPDk1ufKPKuJQP1ZpjnANNGehty_WZ9mPOmQoNk56o4g7VqALcIjdwX8WIlcQCOGHdyePv0TuaPIGOFYtnH-tXXw3KGveg/s1600/1008131932.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcAVDYGmOZ_SnNAyTDOJIxtHjt36s7tgRvudpTECUCoXHJvTPDk1ufKPKuJQP1ZpjnANNGehty_WZ9mPOmQoNk56o4g7VqALcIjdwX8WIlcQCOGHdyePv0TuaPIGOFYtnH-tXXw3KGveg/s1600/1008131932.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Another view of the obstruction</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I thought about pumping mineral oil down her throat, to "slide" the apple down, but
because she was spitting up the water<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>so
forcefully, I was afraid she would do the same with the oil and possibly
aspirate on the oil.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s pretty much a
death sentence if she ended up aspirating oil. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And, even if we were able to move the apple
down the esophagus further, because of the size of it, there was still a chance
that the apple would lodge where the esophagus meets the stomach or somewhere
in the esophagus where it passes through the chest cavity. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I didn’t see many good outcomes with this
idea.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
So, in my gut, I figured we were headed for surgery, but I
wanted to bounce ideas off of another vet first, so I called another vet in the practice.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She
was wondering if there was any way I would be able to put something down her
throat to mash the apple up into smaller pieces so it would pass. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My concern was the trauma to the esophagus in
trying to pass something that would do the "mashing," and then what happens
if we lose that down the throat too?????? <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She also suggested I try to reach down and
grab it as someone pushes it back up to me.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Well I do have long arms, but they aren’t that long… And I kind of need
them to do my job, so I wasn’t real keen on putting an arm down a cows mouth
and have her, as a<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>natural reaction, bite
down on it…..</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
So, now I’m back to surgery as my option.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Any other choke I have dealt with, cow or
horse, I have been able to relieve the obstruction with all the aforementioned
ideas, which means I have never actually done a surgery on a choke case.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Well one of the great things about veterinary
medicine is that you learn to improvise, and you do so under duress.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I know how to do surgery, I mostly remember
my anatomy- well at least the important things in the neck region; like the
jugular vein, carotid artery, <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and some
pretty major nerves, so I’ve got it covered…..<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Ha!</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I tied the cows head up in the air so that I was working
directly under her. After I clipped and washed the area, I blocked it with
lidocaine and started my exploration.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Being careful not to cut through any major things, I took a great deal
of time NOT using a scalpel, but rather using my fingers and scissors to
dissect through the tissue.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Once I
reached the esophagus, I was able to cut over the top of the apple and see that
it indeed was an apple; a yellow-green one at that!</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Now for my vet friends reading this, I know you aren’t
supposed to cut directly over the obstruction, but based on location, I didn’t
want to sway too far in either direction. So I went with it.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
After a fair amount of work, using scissors and my fingers,
I was able to get the apple removed from the esophagus. I could tell that #100
was feeling much better the minute I removed the apple because as she coughed,
I had a face full of saliva and rumen juice spew out at me through my opened
esophagus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I sutured her closed and could
tell that it was truly closed when I no longer had saliva coughed in my
face.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I then sutured the muscle layers
closed and then partially closed her skin, leaving a space for any drainage
that may occur.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was concerned about
infection because it wasn’t a truly sterile procedure and I am not 100% sure I
removed all apple chunks or rumen fluid that may have come through the opened
esophagus when she coughed.<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqL_bfI_ZDDXUyY2nKbuZS0KMN2C8oC3BTmcLEpEPRtONwBg3EGj8f_zGcx2wkWQQ5VKEWEqsEdLZ-b03QhTOBOqhME2ooQ3sOMVxYTwiQu1NvCH23o4O0MrdJnqNtsvmPpxTq5Ke98s8/s1600/1008132014a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqL_bfI_ZDDXUyY2nKbuZS0KMN2C8oC3BTmcLEpEPRtONwBg3EGj8f_zGcx2wkWQQ5VKEWEqsEdLZ-b03QhTOBOqhME2ooQ3sOMVxYTwiQu1NvCH23o4O0MrdJnqNtsvmPpxTq5Ke98s8/s1600/1008132014a.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The culprit in pieces.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
She was placed on an anti-inflammatory medicine and
antibiotics. When I called to check on her the next day, the farmer said she
had started to pick at some food but wasn’t eating with vim and vigor quite
yet.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I can only imagine how sore her
throat must be with having the apple stuck in there for who knows how long, and
then me trying to get the apple to move with tubes, and finally the
surgery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I still worry about aspiration pneumonia, infection
in the incision, as well as the esophagus forming a stricture at the point of
my incision and suturing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I am very
fortunate in the fact that cows have an amazing ability to heal and surprise me
every day with that ability.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was
certainly a new one for me. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I never did
mention that #100 was due to have a baby in less than a month.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After all this, I really hope she will be able
to have her baby and go on living a happy life AWAY from the
apple trees!!!!</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com16tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-85988620672118781072013-09-10T15:49:00.002-07:002013-09-10T15:49:41.368-07:00Finally! A Prolapse with Pictures!<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
I was on call this past weekend and had quite an array of
calls. The first was for a left DA; pretty routine procedure that went well. The
second call was for a weak goat that, after performing a fecal, was found to be
loaded with intestinal parasites (worms). He was treated with electrolytes, dewormed
and sent home. Hopefully he had not lost so many nutrients and blood from the worms
that he is able to recover after a couple rounds of dewormer. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The next call was for a cow that had calved
earlier that day and suffered from a uterine prolapse. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The final call of the weekend was a calving. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I know I’ve discussed other emergency calls where I’ve had
to attend to a prolapse, but never had any pictures to show you what it really is. When I arrived at this farm, the cow was out in
the pasture and I had to have them run back to the barn to get water, so I had
some time to actually take a picture! <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Uterine prolapses are one of the few TRUE, emergency- drop-
everything -and – come calls that we get in dairy practice. This condition
usually occurs in older cows that have already had one or two calves. It can
happen in first time mothers, but is not quite as common.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Normally prolapses will occur within the
first 24 hours after a cow has had a calf. If she has made it through the first
24 hours without any trouble, it is pretty rare that she will prolapse at that
point.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
For those that have never seen a uterine prolapse, it is
when the entire uterus, which I remind you just had an 80+ pound calf inside
it, completely inverts and falls outside of the vagina. It is the uterus,
inside out, outside the cow. Sometimes the bladder will also come out with it,
and in really bad cases, there may be some loops of intestines that also have
prolapsed. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the picture you
can see these large “lumps” on the uterus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>These lumps are called the “caruncles” and are the attachment points of
the placenta (cotyledons) for the calf. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The best analogy I can come up with for a uterine prolapse, is a pair
of pants that you have taken off, and instead of grabbing the ankle and pulling, you start
at the waist and completely turn them inside out. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUkQebLrNijuDCO5vstC7BBMiPohxIXUjJOkRNWGm0IVYlbB05dNIF2TgMVxxllFTGWQ_obXFdih-a11VkBajSlvvMCkTxqB-A-8dPhVFjQgrtVQjxVU6TWUbQwFS2ePuy02HJNZPJups/s1600/0907131406a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUkQebLrNijuDCO5vstC7BBMiPohxIXUjJOkRNWGm0IVYlbB05dNIF2TgMVxxllFTGWQ_obXFdih-a11VkBajSlvvMCkTxqB-A-8dPhVFjQgrtVQjxVU6TWUbQwFS2ePuy02HJNZPJups/s1600/0907131406a.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Prolapsed uterus</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
There is no definitive “cause” of a uterine prolapse; however
there are certain conditions that predispose cows to prolapse. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A difficult calving where the cow strains a
great deal, continues to strain and/or has a very large calf, will predispose a
cow to having the uterus prolapse, as well as when the cow is hypocalcemic (low blood calcium). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>Calcium plays a role in smooth muscle
contractions in the body. The uterus is considered a “smooth muscle” organ, so
when the cow is low on calcium in her blood, the uterus is not contracting down
like it should, after the cow has calved. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Some of the biggest concerns we have about cows with a
uterine prolapse is shock due to blood loss, traumatic damage to the uterus as
it is outside the cows’ body, and entrapment of the intestines in the
inside-out uterus, causing an entirely different issue. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The uterus is suspended in the cow from two
ligaments that attach to the side if the body. Inside each of these ligaments
is a major vein and artery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As the
uterus is prolapsing, turning inside out, headed out of the vagina, it
stretches these ligaments and therefore the veins and arteries inside them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The concern is when they have been stretched
to the point that they have ripped and as tension is released on these vessels, the cow starts bleeding internally
and can easily bleed to death in a short time.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
So how do we take care of this 50+ pound organ that is
supposed to be inside the cow that is now outside??? Well, first and foremost
we give the cow an epidural, or spinal, to prevent her from feeling the
procedure and also to prevent her from continuing to push and strain against us
as we try to replace the uterus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cow
can be standing while we fix her, or can be laying down with both back legs extended
directly behind her. We then wash the uterus being sure to remove as much
bedding, mud, debris, etc. from the uterus as possible. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Now back to the pant analogy. We can fix the pants by going
from the waistband, back down the leg, grab the cuff and pull it back up through.
Well in a cow, we can’t jump inside the cow, and reach from the inside to the
tip of the uterus and pull it back through. Instead, we have to start gently
pushing the uterus back in, starting close to the vulva and working it back
inside. It would be like starting with the cuff of the pants and pushing it
back through to the waistband.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As we are pushing the uterus back, we have to be sure not to
rip off any caruncles, or push our fingers through the sensitive and damaged
uterine tissue. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If a tear does occur,
then we can suture the hole and continue on. It’s just better if we avoid
making a hole in the first place. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Replacing the uterus is quite a workout, if I do say so, but
I can replace a nice “easy” prolapse in about 20 minutes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have also worked on them for over an hour only to have the cow push it back out just as I have it almost all the way in. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The longer the
uterus is prolapsed, the more edema the uterus will get, it can dry out and
become less pliable and can be severely injured from other cows or herself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When a cow does have a uterine prolapse, we
recommend the farmer keep her quiet, keep other cows away from her, and try to
keep the uterus as clean and moist as possible until we can get there. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
After the uterus has been pushed back inside the body, we
have to make sure it is completely everted so it doesn’t re-prolapse. We then
give the cow an injection to help with the smooth muscle contraction and shrinking
the uterus back down so it can’t come back out.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Finally we give the cow some calcium in the
jugular vein and start her on antibiotics in case we didn’t get every little
spec of dirt off the uterus before we replaced it. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Some practitioners will place a “buhner stitch” in the cow’s
vulva after replacing the uterus.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is
a stitch that essentially closes the vulva up and allows only enough room for
her to urinate. As a practice we have decided to do this, but it really is more
of a placebo effect for the farmer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If
the uterus was replaced properly, and the cow was given the appropriate
medication to start the uterus shrinking back down, there is no need for this
stitch.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If the uterus was not replaced
correctly and the cow continues to strain, or the medications were not given to
start the uterus shrinking back down, she can re-prolapse and this stitch will
do nothing to stop it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For the cows that
do have a buhner stitch placed, it is removed about 4-5 days later.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The picture shows the stitch placed after I
replaced the uterus on this cow. </div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghZVTKvCxo4F04kLzvcSacg9nSBouJbesrPtCrHBpDqE8UcnPmTIiXXCtOjp7GAzIHLJUOYwW5vXDY2wseiI8emQRe6hbC7Cwm0ezC6NAym5w282uKSONlUqtzLe_xAoBbJ4CPf6hlt3A/s1600/0907131426.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghZVTKvCxo4F04kLzvcSacg9nSBouJbesrPtCrHBpDqE8UcnPmTIiXXCtOjp7GAzIHLJUOYwW5vXDY2wseiI8emQRe6hbC7Cwm0ezC6NAym5w282uKSONlUqtzLe_xAoBbJ4CPf6hlt3A/s1600/0907131426.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Buhner Stitch Placed</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This cow stood during the entire procedure and walked to
another part of the pasture and started eating when we were done.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I think she will be fine and should breed
back in a few months with no issues. </div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com84tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-61146847708122012562013-08-29T17:32:00.001-07:002013-08-30T04:16:32.183-07:00Boys! Boys! Boys!!!!!<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
Today I had a unique opportunity to attend the New York
State Fair Dairy Cattle Birthing Center. This is the first year this exhibit
has been at the state fair and boy was it a hit!!! The Exhibit was brought to
the fair by the New York Animal Agricultural Coalition and Cornell
University.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Its goal was to allow those
who may not come from a farming background to witness the live birth of a calf
and speak candidly with members from all aspects of the dairy industry about
animal agriculture and dairy farming.<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_AEbSASnxS-CucHKVsoUtuB7vycHschwx1FkNmFvmey7oN9TVKYUdosYBI7ddfRG9nMR8fdQHgHb9QrUz6vdB7XobdtYoyRyYkHofFcbmw_xQBMrkzcTbYoORXyKjwSucWolTeEpPD5U/s1600/NYS+Fair.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_AEbSASnxS-CucHKVsoUtuB7vycHschwx1FkNmFvmey7oN9TVKYUdosYBI7ddfRG9nMR8fdQHgHb9QrUz6vdB7XobdtYoyRyYkHofFcbmw_xQBMrkzcTbYoORXyKjwSucWolTeEpPD5U/s1600/NYS+Fair.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Feeding one of the bulls from yesterday his breakfast!</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
The cows came from 6 different dairy farms all within an
hour from the Syracuse, NY fair grounds.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Each farm supplied 6 cows that came in for a 2 day stay.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cows were induced so that they would <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">hopefully</i> calve within their time at the
fair.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Thursday was the 2<sup>nd</sup>
day for the cows from this particular farm so three had calved the day
before.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All three had male (bull)
calves.<br />
<br />
The first cow of Thursday, had her water break at 9:30 in the morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As we were waiting for the cow to progress
further into labor the tent began filling, and filling, and filling with
people. By the time the cow was in full labor there had to have been at least 200-300
people in the tent watching. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>By noon the
first cow had calved with yet another boy!</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
It was a wonderful opportunity to answer questions that
people had about cows in general. Most of the common questions that were asked
were things that I have discussed before in previous posts, however I will reiterate
the most popular questions asked today. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The most popular questions we had were: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
How long is a cow pregnant? <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Well the average gestation for a cow is very
similar to a human in that it is 9 months or approximately 280 days. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Why don’t you let the calf nurse the mom? This is really for
the health benefit of the calf. Although we strive to keep the calving area very clean, it
is still not a sterile hospital room. There is still manure and bacteria in the
environment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Because the calf is a
newborn, it has no immune system. We want to clean and disinfect the teats of
the cow and harvest the colostrum as cleanly as possible rather than have the
calf possibly ingest bacteria from the cow’s teats. We also remove the calf
from the mom as quickly as possible to ensure that the calf is protected and cared
for appropriately in case the mother does not have a good motherly instinct. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
What happens to the male calves? Since only the females
produce milk, the bull calves are either raised to be used for breeding
purposes or sold to be raised for meat. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
My most unusual question of the day was from a young boy in
the crowd, who bravely walked through hundreds of people to approach me with
the microphone. Now, any dairy or beef farmer reading this may chuckle to
themselves as I did when the question was asked.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
The question was: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Can cows have mental problems?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now this question was being asked as the head
of the calf was in the birth canal and only the front feet and tongue were
sticking out. I mentioned chuckling to myself earlier because those of us that
work with cattle day in and day out, understand that every cow has their own
personality and yes, sometimes they are quite crazy and we do wonder if there
is a mental problem…. In this case, I presume the boy was wondering if the calf
was getting enough oxygen with the head stuck in the birth canal.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Because the umbilical cord was still
attached, we assured him that the calf was still getting oxygen, but it is something
that we carefully watch to be sure the calf hasn’t been in the birth canal with
the umbilical cord pinched off, for TOO long causing oxygen deprivation and
therefore some neurologic issues. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As we were finishing up havesting the colostrum from the
first cow, a second cow’s water broke.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>She had her baby around 2:30pm and it was the 5<sup>th</sup> bull of the
group!!! When we look at yearly averages, it truly does end up 50:50 males to
females. However, there may be stretches of time where there are a large number
of bulls born and then another stretch of all females.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This farm just happened to bring 5 cows that
were all pregnant with bulls! The 6<sup>th</sup> cow had not yet calved by the
time I had to leave so maybe the 6th time is the charm for a girl!</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; height: 401px; text-align: center; width: 333px;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLkUL4KX8Bp3RFIGZOZcfhJnNz4rdm3xdHQpE2X5-qseYJoX2Q8PG4V9QRhRmhVy_3ERbiRVLLbvLZV5na7ymBTUwVA_XoMhjUysF62WPgzEPOyWmB53pJP4gwjjBaTeVCezpKi4cPN50/s1600/milking+a+cow.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLkUL4KX8Bp3RFIGZOZcfhJnNz4rdm3xdHQpE2X5-qseYJoX2Q8PG4V9QRhRmhVy_3ERbiRVLLbvLZV5na7ymBTUwVA_XoMhjUysF62WPgzEPOyWmB53pJP4gwjjBaTeVCezpKi4cPN50/s1600/milking+a+cow.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The farm owner harvesting the colostrum from the first mom of the day!</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I could go on and on about questions that were asked and the
answers to those questions. I strongly encourage you to ask questions of myself
or other members of the dairy industry if you have them. As our t-shirts said
today: <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Ask me! There’s no UDDER place
to get the answer!!!”</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Overall it was a wonderful opportunity for members of the
dairy industry to share our story. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I had
countless people come up to me throughout the two births today<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>and tell me how much they learned from their time at the Birthing Center. I truly feel blessed to
have been born, raised and continue to work in the dairy industry. Although we
still face challenges, this industry is truly amazing, and there are so many
people that work so hard to ensure that the products you get from a dairy farm,
are the most wholesome products they can be!<br />
<br />
I am so proud of
the hard work that went into this exhibit from various people, the farmers that took time out of their
very busy schedules to share their personal stories, and tirelessly care for
these animals.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-33284237412539108332013-08-16T13:20:00.000-07:002013-08-16T16:38:45.276-07:00Udder Fibro..... what?????<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
I was called this week to one of my regular herd check
clients for a cow that was “bleeding from her udder.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is usually classified as an emergency,
get here ASAP kind of call, as cows can bleed to death in a matter of minutes if
the cut is severe enough.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’ve mentioned
in a previous post, that cows must pump an average of 500 gallons of blood
through their udder a day, to produce 1 gallon of milk. So cows that are making
80 pounds of milk a day, are pumping about 5000 gallons of blood through their
udder during the course of the day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There are two major vessels and many smaller veins that supply the udder
with all this blood. SO, when a farmer calls and tells you that they have a cow
bleeding from her udder, yes, it truly IS an emergency. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Luckily I had just finished a herd check and was close to
the farm so could get there quite quickly. When I arrived, the herdsman had the
cow restrained in a hoof trimming chute and was holding pressure on the
bleeding area. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Luckily it was NOT one of
the major milk veins bleeding, but rather a large mass on the front of the
udder. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We often refer to these masses as
“Udder Rot.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not a very scientific name,
that’s for sure, but it gets the point across. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The true scientific name is Udder Cleft
Dermatitis.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
These udder rot lesions are often very foul smelling and can
become quite an issue when not taken care of at an early stage. The lesions are
most commonly found in front of the two front teats and right where the udder
attaches to the body wall. They usually start from some kind of irritation to
the udder, such as a mange mite, edema or pressure necrosis of some kind. Once
the skin is irritated, bacteria from the environment move in and enjoy the nice
warm, moist habitat and continue to “eat away” or cause further damage to the
area. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The bacteria that inhabit the
lesions, are what causes the foul smell that is often associated with udder
rot. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Because the body is amazing and does everything it can to
heal itself, it can sometimes overcompensate.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>When this occurs, as it did in this case, there is excess production of
tissue that looks like a giant wart (fibropapliloma) or “proud flesh.” Some of
this has to do with the bacteria that are in the lesion and the rest has to do
with the body trying to heal itself. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are lots and lots of blood vessels in
this tissue but no nerves.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When the mass
gets caught on something or stepped on or even bumped, it can start bleeding
and can bleed <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"></span>quite severely. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvAbikzL5mrfU9ekozhc_EB6AbV5ehn9TJPZA-Zx6RxKBjlX8Mlrq_qmvYwx1izNwhIe9txNm2Oxb2cgZHhYG9XDe6ytc4KKt0ZN73nR5uuwTG6-vYriO2x27fDfvhrYgqvs396kmMFdI/s1600/ResizedImage951376663062569.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvAbikzL5mrfU9ekozhc_EB6AbV5ehn9TJPZA-Zx6RxKBjlX8Mlrq_qmvYwx1izNwhIe9txNm2Oxb2cgZHhYG9XDe6ytc4KKt0ZN73nR5uuwTG6-vYriO2x27fDfvhrYgqvs396kmMFdI/s1600/ResizedImage951376663062569.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In this case, the cow had the mass hanging from the udder
and there was another cow that was showing signs of heat (or estrus).
Exhibiting natural estrus behavior, this cow tried to mount the other cow and the
mass on the udder was aggravated.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Because of how large this mass was, and the number of blood vessels
that I know course through the udder, I was not brave enough to surgically try
to remove the mass and then make the udder “normal” again. Instead my approach
was to cauterize the bleeding vessels and have the herdsman start to
aggressively treat the mass with a killing spray.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As you can see from the picture, there is quite a bit of blood on the chute. There was probably about 3-4L of blood on the ground which is
significant. Her mucous membranes were starting to get pale, but she still had
the strength to stand.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>With a little
fluid therapy, Iron injections and TLC, I think she will be just fine. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A blood transfusion is an option if the cow had lost a more significant
amount of blood. However, a cow can lose up to 6L of blood without any risk. She
may be weak for a day or so, but again, the body is amazing and new red blood
cells had already started making their way into circulation, the minute she
started bleeding. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">To prevent further issues with these types of
udder rot lesions, the best thing to do is to catch them early, and spray them
with a copper sulfate or tetracycline mixture. The area is warm and moist which
the bacteria love. To disrupt that habitat, the sore needs to be dried out and
the bacteria killed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Treating the animals
for mange mites also helps decrease the incidence of udder rot lesions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When they get to be large pendulous masses
like this cow, not many veterinarians look forward to the call of when, not if,
but when, these masses rip and start to bleed.</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-16443930651628411162013-07-31T16:52:00.001-07:002013-08-01T13:09:55.498-07:00It's Fair Season!<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
So here it is, the last day of the month and I’ve realized I
have only written one post all month. What a slacker!!! Actually, we have been
swamped at the clinic and to be honest when I get home at night, there’s not
much energy left to write… Unfortunately, this is one of those “boring” posts
with only one picture, but this is what I have been up to for the last few
weeks: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Aside from my routine herd checks, and the sick cows (which
have been numerous with the heat), I’ve vaccinated probably close to 200
animals for the fair season. This area has a few pretty big fairs so there are
LOTS of animals that need their “fair shots”. “Fair shots” include a
respiratory vaccine and a rabies vaccine for cows, and only a rabies vaccine
for sheep and goats. They all need an official identification number and a
health chart that certifies that animal had no infectious diseases at the time
of the veterinarian’s examination. It is easy work, but tedious.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; height: 377px; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left; width: 264px;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMouuCd_8rb9K6GZDEX4gSw9h5NM7DbU0s0C_nm63FyyRINjnyso7N6a9dfg1yB1S04tyHJ6IAnQTIYF8U1h6bXCrWEK1PNNwUYAJE9v8zkDY7gkSRAul3K5pexPNZ2QJs0znU1J4EyOY/s1600/Fair+Season.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMouuCd_8rb9K6GZDEX4gSw9h5NM7DbU0s0C_nm63FyyRINjnyso7N6a9dfg1yB1S04tyHJ6IAnQTIYF8U1h6bXCrWEK1PNNwUYAJE9v8zkDY7gkSRAul3K5pexPNZ2QJs0znU1J4EyOY/s1600/Fair+Season.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Rabies Vaccine, Respiratory Vaccine and Official ID </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Every animal must have an “official” identification number
which is a metal tag in cows or a “scrapie tag” in sheep and goats. In the picture
to the left you can see the metal tag with an individual number on it. These
are cattle tags and are often referred to in New York as “21 tags.” The first
two numbers (21 for NY) identify what state the animal was born and raised in. Each
state has their own number, ie. Vermont is 13, Maine is 11, etc. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Following the “21” for NY, are three letters
and then 4 more numbers. No two of these tags are the same. If an animal is
sold and moved across state lines, this metal tag is in their ear and is the lifetime
identification as to where that animal originated. No two animals anywhere in
the country will have an identical number on their metal tag/scrapie tag.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
An individual official identification is part of the animal
traceability act that is happening all across the United States. There has been
much discussion over the ruling because many farmers and ranchers feel like we
already have enough of “Big Brother” watching over us, and this is one more way
for them to do so. Unfortunately, what many of these farmers and ranchers don’t
realize is the thousands of animals that move across state lines with no
identification and possibly carrying infectious diseases with them. In the
livestock industry, we are closely monitored with animal movement. Let me just
ask you this… How many times have you driven to visit family or friends a state
or two away, and taken your dog or cat with you? Have you had a health
certificate from your veterinarian with you on every trip? Technically if you
are crossing state lines with any animal, you should. In the cattle industry,
ANY time an animal is changing ownership, heading for a show, going to an
auction or even going to get slaughtered, they must have one of the approved
official identifications. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As an industry, we are not as diligent as we should be with
this information. Most sales, cattle shows and auctions will require the
appropriate identification and corresponding health certificate. The
information then gets sent to the State Department of Agriculture for filing. However,
private sale of animals occurs just as, if not more frequently and often does
not have the aforementioned documentation. An animal heading for slaughter does
not have to have a health certificate, but it must have an official ID.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, why all the fuss?<br />
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Let’s say I have a
really good cow on my farm in NY, which I decided to sell in an auction. The
person that buys my cow has a farm in Wisconsin and my animal does not have a “21
tag” in her ear. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now my animal is loaded
on a trailer and hauled from New York, through Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana and
Illinois up to the farm in Wisconsin and has stopped at other farms along the
way, for water breaks for the cow. Well come to find out, my cow is infected
with Foot and Mouth Disease (a HIGHLY contagious blistering disease). Now that
she is in Wisconsin, multiple cows at the buyers’ farm have all come down with
symptoms of Foot and Mouth and require a very strict quarantine to prevent
further spread. The farmer in Wisconsin knows he bought a cow at an auction,
but has no idea who the seller in the auction was, or what state the animal
originated from, because there is no identification tag. Where do we start
looking to find other possibly infected animals? How does anyone know where the
source of the infection came from??? How can they really quarantine the
appropriate animals??? If my cow had a “21 tag” in her ear, State and Federal
Veterinarians know to start looking for the source right in NY and can quarantine
appropriately. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Now we haven’t had an outbreak of Foot and Mouth disease in
the US since 1929 and this case may seem extreme, but is used as an example of
the reasoning behind the ruling.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
same thought process can be used for diseases such as Mad Cow disease, Rabies, Brucella
and numerous other diseases where the point source of a disease is critical to
know. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The regulations are phasing in over the next
couple of years, so there is time to comply. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The reasoning behind the ruling makes sense and
it’s only a matter of time before the U.S. falls victim to a terribly
contagious disease as so many other countries have.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When that time comes, I’m confident all
farmers are going to appreciate the headaches they are going through now, to
put the special identification in the ears.</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-3050615325540982482013-07-16T15:03:00.001-07:002013-07-16T17:50:10.566-07:00To Dock or Not to Dock....<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]-->At a herd check this week, I was asked to remove a tail that
was severely infected. By the looks of it, this heifer must have had the tail
stepped on by another heifer in the pen, or got it stuck in something causing
injury, which led to a nasty infection. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Removing the tail is a pretty simple procedure
so I thought I would use this case as a platform to discuss a bit more of a
controversial topic; tail docking.<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; height: 288px; text-align: right; width: 364px;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6aFODIDcPwqn3_K9V2KNgsiVbhB14I3aiipcNdSYb1nGl7h5hiE8ku63NRjNVA3DdFzT4akMGyft2T0svMRreuAYQk3gQ7vT7c8bf9wHaYlZLGG524Xt185ffYy4h8rgOHm6Sy-_wy2M/s1600/0712131729.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6aFODIDcPwqn3_K9V2KNgsiVbhB14I3aiipcNdSYb1nGl7h5hiE8ku63NRjNVA3DdFzT4akMGyft2T0svMRreuAYQk3gQ7vT7c8bf9wHaYlZLGG524Xt185ffYy4h8rgOHm6Sy-_wy2M/s1600/0712131729.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The spinal cord as it tapers down to the tail. 4 is the site where an epidural is given.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
So let’s start with the heifer from herd check. The heifer
was sedated and given an epidural so she had no feeling in her tail. The tail
actually is made up of the caudal vertebrae, and cows have anywhere from 18-20 of
these vertebrae in the tail.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The spinal
cord does not actually go down into the tail, but rather stops at, or just
before the sacrum, or the “tail head.” There are nerves that do come off the
end of the spinal cord and continue down the length of the tail, as well as a vein
and artery that run down the center of the tail. <br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Once the epidural had taken effect, I had to locate the
space between two vertebrae, far enough up the tail to be away from the site of
injury and infection. The tail was clipped and scrubbed. I then made a “V”
shaped incision on the skin of the tail, both top side and bottom side, so that
I had a “flap” left to cover the nub when I was done. I then again found my
intervertebral space and cut through that space with the scalpel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As I mentioned earlier there is a vein and
artery that run on the underside of the tail. When I was at the point of
incising through these two vessels, I had to use a clamp to stop the bleeding.
Because the vein and artery are tiny enough, and access to them is limited
based on the surgery site and position, I left the clamp on them while I
started suturing the skin closed. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
flaps of skin closed nicely and the vein and artery had stopped bleeding by the
time I removed the clamp. The sutures dissolve, so she does not have to have
me mess with her again. She was put on a course of antibiotics to cover any of
the infection that may have ascended further up the tail than I was aware
of.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoID5drVzTI-8kBkHK6f8I5afq4cZN9i0sCEhLTJgRmF0Bi3adXLQ2T9ULBQDgDzWFv2e4105RHhbi8DsmD21VFb-JYk3CQKiHUCEIQx4yc8VQl9-NCOpwUWDNnw1n0b9B4WGG3IcHbGs/s1600/0712131133.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoID5drVzTI-8kBkHK6f8I5afq4cZN9i0sCEhLTJgRmF0Bi3adXLQ2T9ULBQDgDzWFv2e4105RHhbi8DsmD21VFb-JYk3CQKiHUCEIQx4yc8VQl9-NCOpwUWDNnw1n0b9B4WGG3IcHbGs/s1600/0712131133.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The tail injury. Removed at point where hand is currently.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3grjmS46Ru4tuF7t5v9Myz4lcOAlNKGREIpsYSvX2TGOCzToYpBVovfN29ejFoJwj3_jTRXvTIeWt0MW3gCDLuzcNqGsUDDQzu3rBSMfUm8MGfqS2jLg3107xaZZ5YWbfRIl2uaOy-OM/s1600/0712131134.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3grjmS46Ru4tuF7t5v9Myz4lcOAlNKGREIpsYSvX2TGOCzToYpBVovfN29ejFoJwj3_jTRXvTIeWt0MW3gCDLuzcNqGsUDDQzu3rBSMfUm8MGfqS2jLg3107xaZZ5YWbfRIl2uaOy-OM/s1600/0712131134.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></span></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlVW_fcKG-0HqbZv_fphyRglIsegKFKYVQfaCBu5p5qXsTEPQsQGi2ql3CU8hPoj0bvnVliv495U4wDhqycVI24eWQj0nzh-D9BWIjgwabK7T6LoB_E2IY0Ff56cz5fPSlG3QGvGcxzVM/s1600/0712131151.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlVW_fcKG-0HqbZv_fphyRglIsegKFKYVQfaCBu5p5qXsTEPQsQGi2ql3CU8hPoj0bvnVliv495U4wDhqycVI24eWQj0nzh-D9BWIjgwabK7T6LoB_E2IY0Ff56cz5fPSlG3QGvGcxzVM/s1600/0712131151.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Making the incision.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Th8eWVYUU12TNJnMO1boIlcDvWF67pRp8uOe11FzpL1KwsABBwnR8oAO3C5nF_JYIFXDO9ChOiwflQTZAeURtsDJz-UtyrB94ZtCj80K94sLLnNVaH7XSsOjRbF2Y1BCVtlcxj4vNQw/s1600/0712131152a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Th8eWVYUU12TNJnMO1boIlcDvWF67pRp8uOe11FzpL1KwsABBwnR8oAO3C5nF_JYIFXDO9ChOiwflQTZAeURtsDJz-UtyrB94ZtCj80K94sLLnNVaH7XSsOjRbF2Y1BCVtlcxj4vNQw/s1600/0712131152a.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNjBGnpFAM3xT3OpDSWhM_fRNHVDEJtAOqNTWgJiuMq_wRxmThHMeKDqGuZvhv_8gbnQQk_i1Xf4Rmt3UjGCyUdncBla4l-5D1mSIPgb2yoH2ZYkzXbT_Ivznz-JeG5bbHydkz8UBb6gM/s1600/0712131153a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNjBGnpFAM3xT3OpDSWhM_fRNHVDEJtAOqNTWgJiuMq_wRxmThHMeKDqGuZvhv_8gbnQQk_i1Xf4Rmt3UjGCyUdncBla4l-5D1mSIPgb2yoH2ZYkzXbT_Ivznz-JeG5bbHydkz8UBb6gM/s1600/0712131153a.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cutting between the vertebrae. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="height: 338px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center; width: 371px;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnr8lQ9LZes6XSuFQ92T18L4wJ8ytkFY7FYS4GL8aY9ilcz7TK2nIiM6EiCBfGp0q5OiQtHSDuBOIOhnNP470pCGkVq1I5LrUVxdZo4y6TTAGIMJLojTgW-mLIyEyNTaphQvxgNH0xbmw/s1600/0712131154a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnr8lQ9LZes6XSuFQ92T18L4wJ8ytkFY7FYS4GL8aY9ilcz7TK2nIiM6EiCBfGp0q5OiQtHSDuBOIOhnNP470pCGkVq1I5LrUVxdZo4y6TTAGIMJLojTgW-mLIyEyNTaphQvxgNH0xbmw/s1600/0712131154a.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The tail after the injured portion has been removed, prior to suturing closed.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRDhsiOKwKIbv6QxpJfXqtw5Ejg5_UIyGQTZBLiXZo82xi2XUCC6H0rLTtTdRlKeFf1Gyo-kI1tuL8nnUxw4vpNX0-NoxZiwT5NdsJ0ofAMRfiX6OERyKljrAHZiG5kwVFGJQxg-ClpW8/s1600/0712131155.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRDhsiOKwKIbv6QxpJfXqtw5Ejg5_UIyGQTZBLiXZo82xi2XUCC6H0rLTtTdRlKeFf1Gyo-kI1tuL8nnUxw4vpNX0-NoxZiwT5NdsJ0ofAMRfiX6OERyKljrAHZiG5kwVFGJQxg-ClpW8/s1600/0712131155.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Suturing closed. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLhQVLEy1_CzfJm0dYm9p9HuiO8pc9fL6fxqHPbt4hVXKJyFIeN1S624zz-tET9gVC0V7kVmRAVOhvahjBgp4mzx-tXtMFBi9eGnJH5W9p1KSDdReSDUGpIT4UytfmnjD-ckD5wyGxy_k/s1600/0712131159.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLhQVLEy1_CzfJm0dYm9p9HuiO8pc9fL6fxqHPbt4hVXKJyFIeN1S624zz-tET9gVC0V7kVmRAVOhvahjBgp4mzx-tXtMFBi9eGnJH5W9p1KSDdReSDUGpIT4UytfmnjD-ckD5wyGxy_k/s1600/0712131159.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQbjm9Jtdqm4iOAFLHcdOKVYAvbLaZdB2qma52cHN4tAETXApQElrtGAFv9Hru1GoE0eya1qPCidgiW1bRdfPZlT3GQFVIb6HZdNrYOqTcRqBtKiLaIXUFnDsVfFVEMIkFEae4TLeaRnU/s1600/0712131202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQbjm9Jtdqm4iOAFLHcdOKVYAvbLaZdB2qma52cHN4tAETXApQElrtGAFv9Hru1GoE0eya1qPCidgiW1bRdfPZlT3GQFVIb6HZdNrYOqTcRqBtKiLaIXUFnDsVfFVEMIkFEae4TLeaRnU/s1600/0712131202.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The final product. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
So, was what I did inhumane??? Well, no, I don’t think so
in this case. She had a severe injury, the flies were making a meal of the wound,
and it was a painful injury. She may have a shorter tail now, but she is much
better off than she would have been had I not removed it. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
What about farms that dock tails as a routine
procedure?<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In lambs and kids (goat kids,
not humans) tails are docked to prevent fly strike. In piglets, tails are
docked to prevent tail chewing and cannibalism. Why do we dock tails in cows? Same as in lambs, kids and piglets, it’s a management
decision.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
<br />
There is one train of thought
that docked tails keep cows cleaner when they are housed in a freestall OR tie
stall barn.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is thought that cows
that have tails, lay those tails in the alleyway or in the gutter, get them
covered in manure and urine, and as they are swatting flies, cover themselves in
that manure and urine, starting a vicious circle of fly annoyance and
uncleanliness. It is also believed that cows with tails make their udder dirty
therefore risking unclean teats, milk, and mastitis. You may also hear of
farmers complaining of being hit in the face with the tails as they are milking
cows. So, these farmers dock the tails. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The other school of thought is that the tails serve a
purpose (fly control, social signals, etc.) and that they should “keep what the good Lord gave them” as an old farmer I know, likes to say. Well, these farmers
don’t dock tails.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
What does science say? Well several studies have been done
and have shown that there is absolutely NO DIFFERENCE whether a cow has a tail
or does not have a tail, on her overall cleanliness.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cows are dirty if their environment is dirty.
Cows are clean when their environment is clean.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> Easy as that. If a cow is an "alley layer" as we call those that refuse to use the stalls, it's not going to matter if she has a tail or not, she will be filthy. However, the majority of cows prefer to be clean and dry and will make an effort to find a place to rest that is clean and dry. Again, a clean environment = clean cows.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://milkquality.wisc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/tail-docking-and-hygiene-jds-2002.pdf" target="_blank">Wisconsin Tail Docking Study</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="http://www.ohiovma.org/Downloads/Veterinary%20Resources/animal%20housing/tail-docking-tucker.pdf" target="_blank">University of British Columbia Tail Docking Study</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As a veterinarian, <b>my</b> stance is this: if you have adequate
fly control for animals, then I see no issue in docking tails. I have been hit in the face with a dirty tail, and it isn't pleasant. My mom almost lost her sight in one eye after getting swatted in the face with a dirty tail. I can see both sides of the story, but have caveats with each. Again, it's my stance, not that of all veterinarians, but that's the luxury of this being my blog.... :-)<br />
<br />
When tail docking is done as young calves (<1-2wks old), it has been shown that there is no increase in cortisol
levels (stress hormone) of calves that are docked.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If tail docking isn’t done until they are
older, then I do feel it is appropriate to give them pain control prior to tail
docking.<br />
<a href="http://milkquality.wisc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/responses-to-tail-docking-JDS.pdf" target="_blank">Behavioral and Physiological Effects of Tail Docking</a><br />
<a href="https://www.avma.org/KB/Resources/Backgrounders/Pages/Welfare-Implications-of-Tail-Docking-of-Cattle.aspx" target="_blank">AVMA Stance on Tail Docking</a> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
If you are not going to provide good fly control, (fans, fly spray,
dust bags) then leave the tails alone. If cows are bothered by flies and have
no fly control, you are actually decreasing daily production by 10-30%. Think
of how annoyed you are when you have flies bugging you.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cows are usually dealing with many more flies
and are therefore not eating, not resting and not making milk. Provide adequate fly
control or leave the tails alone. </div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-30467352831215752212013-06-26T16:21:00.001-07:002013-06-26T16:21:31.183-07:00She's Crazy!!!<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]-->“I think I have a cow with Rabies.” A phone call you DON’T
want to get on a beautiful Sunday morning.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This past weekend, I unfortunately did get this call.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cow #2980 had been found down in the manure
alley in the morning. When asked to get up, the owner described how she had no
control of her legs, her bladder, was “walking crazy ,” and appeared
aggressive. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her ears were forward and
her eyes even “looked crazy”. When the owner tried to get her to the special
needs pen, the cow would turn around at her, like cows often do when they are
about to charge.<br />
<br />
<span style="color: red;"><span style="color: red; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">IF YOU READ NOTHING ELSE IN THIS POST, PLEASE
READ THIS--- When dealing with a neurologic animal of ANY KIND, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u>DO
NOT TOUCH THE ANIMAL, MAKE ANY ATTEMPT AT CATCHING THE ANIMAL OR GO NEAR THE
ANIMAL. CALL YOUR VETERINARIAN!!!!</u></i></b> Always, always, always remember
that a neurologic animal has the possibility of having rabies and it just takes
a little saliva or nasal secretion, loaded with the virus, to infect a human. Veterinarians have been
vaccinated against rabies and are some of the very few qualified individuals,
other than public health individuals to handle an animal with Rabies. If you
absolutely MUST touch a neurologic animal that you suspect might be rabid, WEAR
GLOVES, and make sure you do not have ANY exposed open wounds or sores. </span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Back to #2980. When I arrived on the farm, all the cows were laying down in
the pen. Trying to decipher which cow it was, I made a kissing noise to get the
cows up. #2980 JUMPED to her feet and took off at a very fast walk around the
pen, while the other cows took their time getting to their feet.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>#2980 was very dirty, from falling down in
the alley and seemed like she was super excitable.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I’ve talked about cow flight zones in a previous post. Each
cow has a different flight zone; meaning you can get variable distances
to and from a cow before she will move and try to get away.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Younger heifers usually have a bigger flight
zone than older cows. #2980 seemed to have a bigger flight zone than just about
any young heifer. It was difficult to get within 15 feet of her before she
would take off, unsteadily, away from me.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We managed to get her in a headlock, so that I could examine her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Keeping safety in mind, with a very
neurologic 1500 pound animal, I decided it was best to lock other cows in next
to her and keep her somewhat steady while I approached her. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
To restrain her from
kicking me as I approached, we carefully raised her tail straight in the
air.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is a common restraint used
with cattle which temporarily “paralyzes” their back feet so they are unable to
kick.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Normally, this does not hurt a
cow, as it lessens the sensation in the back end. Upon raising 2980’s tail, she
let out a terrible bellow, like we were severely hurting her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her temperature was 103.9F degrees (normal
body temperature for a cow is 101-102.5F) and her heart, lungs and stomach all
sounded normal. She tested negative for ketosis. As I was
standing next to her examining her, her entire body was quivering and when I
would touch her, she would excessively twitch at the spot I was touching.</div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzBNGBcKiXZJnlCAQgrUzuJodFCR9dlo-DFa_DFz08vi54svMdFC_y7gTpIC4bRpXEUJgKKuFOGKUgeOSYHMRyossQIfwPkIaFXJqU-YvsvQF-iGEIl5URrcKw1febh6gx1peLtuRJXsI/s1600/0623130924.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzBNGBcKiXZJnlCAQgrUzuJodFCR9dlo-DFa_DFz08vi54svMdFC_y7gTpIC4bRpXEUJgKKuFOGKUgeOSYHMRyossQIfwPkIaFXJqU-YvsvQF-iGEIl5URrcKw1febh6gx1peLtuRJXsI/s1600/0623130924.jpg" height="320" width="283" /></a>Her head was in the
headlock and she seemed interested in food. She was eating normally and not
dropping food out of either side of her mouth. When examining her eyes, her
third eyelids were both up, which is abnormal and you could see the whites of
her eyes otherwise. Notice the eyes of the cow behind #2980 in the picture; her
eyes are normal, whereas you can see the 3<sup>rd</sup> eyelid of #2980.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I took some videos of her, but unfortunately
because she is mostly black; it is hard to see the quivering.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you watch the posted video, you can see
her stagger a little when she is walking and turning around, and she seems to have an exaggerated gait.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of course when I was videoing her, she was
more “normal” than she was when the camera wasn’t rolling…. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<object class="BLOGGER-youtube-video" classid="clsid:D27CDB6E-AE6D-11cf-96B8-444553540000" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0" data-thumbnail-src="https://ytimg.googleusercontent.com/vi/_B3RcEMaWgg/0.jpg" height="266" width="320"><param name="movie" value="https://www.youtube.com/v/_B3RcEMaWgg?version=3&f=user_uploads&c=google-webdrive-0&app=youtube_gdata" /><param name="bgcolor" value="#FFFFFF" /><param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /><embed width="320" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/v/_B3RcEMaWgg?version=3&f=user_uploads&c=google-webdrive-0&app=youtube_gdata" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true"></embed></object><br />
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
When we see neurologic cases in the Northeast, we ALWAYS
keep Rabies on our list of possibilities. Unlike other parts of the country, raccoons,
bats, foxes and coyotes will carry rabies.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This particular farm seems to have an excessive amount of raccoons
around, having trapped and killed 10, most of which have been found in the milking parlor! Because rabies can be spread via infected saliva, through a bite wound, I
was also looking for bite wounds on the cow, and found none.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There are a few other diseases, such as lead
poisoning, meningitis, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) and listeria that can cause similar neurologic signs in a cow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Lead poisoning was unlikely, based on the
environment on the farm, and the lack of an obvious source of lead, and BSE was lower on my list because we don't feed ruminant proteins back to ruminants anymore. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Listeria was the other most likely possibility in this
cow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is a soil born bacteria that often gets into the silage fed to cows.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The bacteria make their way to the brainstem
of cows and causes severe nerve damage. It is commonly known as “circling
disease” as infected cows tend to turn in circles, have a droopy face and can
have their tongue sticking out one side. They can have difficulty eating food,
swallowing, and depression. Because it affects multiple major nerves, they can
walk unsteadily and fall down. Not all Listeria cows act or appear the same.
Depending on when in the course of the disease the animal is noted to be
abnormal, they may exhibit less severe or various neurologic signs. With very
high doses of Penicillin, Listeria cows can recover and go on to be productive
animals. #2980 did not seem to show the more typical signs associated with
Listeria and the neurologic signs she was displaying were severe enough, that
Listeria seemed less likely, but I didn’t want to completely disregard it as a
possibility. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
After discussion with the owner, we decided that we would
treat her for Listeria and give her 24 hours.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>After donning 2 pairs of gloves on both my hands, we tied her head and
she was given a very large dose of Penicillin, and medicine to help with the
fever and the inflammation, that may be associated with nerve damage. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
24 hours later, well more like 30 hours, I went back to the farm and again the cow was lying down in the pen. When I entered the pen, her ears went forward and she looked like she wanted to run away, but she struggled getting to her feet. Once she was up, she stood with all 4 feet stretched out in a "sawhorse" stance. Then she went about her craziness and was rapidly walking around the pen, staying very far away from me. When we were able to get her in the head lock, she started eating and was able to grab the food normally, but seemed to have to stick her neck out straight to swallow. Her fever had responded to the medicine, but everything else on her physical exam was the same as the day before. She even bellowed again when I raised her tail in the air. <br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_TSMn59hYOs0knz-ebIlka0yL0sU_lED_mwvRoX_iMVvx-WIGX814UiJAh9hKpYvDwwrqGQEZOdCEmvEd2U4dudVW4bEaM-2APMlOu-S2_n3MyXQ5CUuHaUouckFPGss28WiD6ky6F9k/s1600/cowbrain.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_TSMn59hYOs0knz-ebIlka0yL0sU_lED_mwvRoX_iMVvx-WIGX814UiJAh9hKpYvDwwrqGQEZOdCEmvEd2U4dudVW4bEaM-2APMlOu-S2_n3MyXQ5CUuHaUouckFPGss28WiD6ky6F9k/s1600/cowbrain.jpg" height="289" width="320" /></a>Because this is a special cow to the owner, she wanted to give it yet another 24 hours, to see if she improved or declined, with another round of treatment. I agreed, and went back again Tuesday afternoon. Her status had not changed. She still had trouble getting up and when she was up, was very spastic. Based on the lack of change in her status and the continued concern for Rabies, I recommended euthanizing her. I sedated her, euthanized her and then needed to remove her brain to be sent to the state lab to test for Rabies. When I removed the head from the rest of the body, I noticed that there was a bit more spinal fluid that poured out of the spinal column than normal. I then removed a portion of the skull to get to the brain, and noticed that the brain was extremely dry. Normally there is cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) around the brain, that keeps the brain moist, but the brain of #2980 was more dry than normal. Once the brain was removed, I split the cerebral hemispheres and noticed that the ventricles inside the brain seemed more dilated than normal. Rabies was moving lower on my list of possibilities, but I still didn't have a good idea of what this could be. <br />
<br />
Just to be sure, the brain was sent to the state lab for Rabies testing and came back negative. The owner declined sending it on for further testing, so I don't have a definitive answer on the cause of the neurologic signs. However, based on her physical exam signs, I feel like whatever the cause, the prognosis was poor and we made the right decision by euthanizing her. <br />
<br />
This was a very interesting and challenging case. I am very relieved that she is Rabies negative, but I will always wonder what the true cause of the neurologic signs were. </div>
<br />
<span style="color: red;"><span style="color: red; font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-22936263542645685352013-06-24T13:39:00.002-07:002013-06-24T13:39:41.650-07:00SPF 50 Update!!!<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
Remember the poor heifer out on pasture that ate a weed and lost all her white hair???? Well, I was at her farm again today and she's growing her hair back! She was happy and munching away on feed when I went to see her. Below is a picture from today. She did not lose ALL the white hair, but a large majority of it. If you look closely at the picture, you can see some of the hair growing back in. Notice all the black hair is still there! <br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2PDDqtNrAmaBGHLUbNStCxeflrX2nuv2GQiVlo6IBhWEKf6wFjbGOetvMW8mFI46yeJYxCQY2HKSzj2NM0db74ebfCYBdmu909K49zvGuvSUj0FdD9mpx2o5eCirrzltY8pdU1hqD14Y/s1600/0624131216.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2PDDqtNrAmaBGHLUbNStCxeflrX2nuv2GQiVlo6IBhWEKf6wFjbGOetvMW8mFI46yeJYxCQY2HKSzj2NM0db74ebfCYBdmu909K49zvGuvSUj0FdD9mpx2o5eCirrzltY8pdU1hqD14Y/s1600/0624131216.jpg" height="480" width="640" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Notice the patches of hair growing back in!!!</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Stay tuned, another interesting post on Wednesday/Thursday!!!! Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-14400917854763546982013-06-19T18:21:00.001-07:002013-06-19T18:21:27.492-07:00Preemie Problems<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgQpHD3ot9evgo3-KkmfTOna6ccRZeSdIhpx3i1B6V5BFcOInXUrTYwUQ8bfasl8zMV9SAIcl7K768skxNT79FBub3fSKarLbqlG_FPICtTmYROPtmG3MbSBrswpbzT5h9lseBobsSTuo/s1600/DSC00369.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgQpHD3ot9evgo3-KkmfTOna6ccRZeSdIhpx3i1B6V5BFcOInXUrTYwUQ8bfasl8zMV9SAIcl7K768skxNT79FBub3fSKarLbqlG_FPICtTmYROPtmG3MbSBrswpbzT5h9lseBobsSTuo/s1600/DSC00369.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">"Friskie"</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Meet “Friskie” (so named by our receptionist). She was born
3 weeks early with some noticeable deficits. The biggest concern we have when
calves are born early is lung development. One of the last things to develop in
a fetus is the “surfactant.” Surfactant is a substance made up of fats and
proteins that allow the lungs to inflate and deflate without collapsing. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Because this is one of the last things to
develop, we often use a steroid when we induce animals to help with production
of this surfactant, so the calf is able to breathe upon rupture of the
umbilicus. The steroid is also used to start the labor process.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiguZH1yihxM20cKxvpqSuxbSqGXrmq36qEKXnAxxJbGq8ffJWdEOCbv_lLdgBatByUDZOkyvCKVSZH8kIs52bIHqaShQ-luAsnW9G7XqWHNe8xAG1Hz4UfuikL5h0yk4Y4HU_L_XUft8c/s1600/DSC00372.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiguZH1yihxM20cKxvpqSuxbSqGXrmq36qEKXnAxxJbGq8ffJWdEOCbv_lLdgBatByUDZOkyvCKVSZH8kIs52bIHqaShQ-luAsnW9G7XqWHNe8xAG1Hz4UfuikL5h0yk4Y4HU_L_XUft8c/s1600/DSC00372.JPG" height="150" width="200" /></a>“Friskie” seemed to have had adequate surfactant production
when she was born and was able to breathe normally. However, she was born with
a noticeable abnormality- a cloudy eye. She was quite small, and had weak
tendons. The weak tendons were not severe enough that she couldn’t stand, but
when she did stand, her pasterns (ankles) were touching the ground. After a few
weeks, her tendons strengthened and she began walking more normally. Her eye on the
other hand, began to get worse.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
When we see calves that are born with cloudy eyes, we often
want to test them for Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD). <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is a disease that affects almost every
body system of an animal, causing oral lesions, pneumonia, diarrhea, poor
growth and weight gain, reproductive failure, and abortion to name a few. If the mom has
been infected with the disease while the fetus is 40-125 days in gestation,
they may become persistently infected with the disease and shed exponential
amounts of the virus to other cows on the farm. The cloudy eyes are one of the congenital
lesions associated with in-utero infection.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>“Friskie” was tested and was found to be BVD negative.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Knowing that she is BVD negative, we proceeded with the
diagnosis of a congenital cataract. There are many things that can cause a congenital
cataract. Unfortunately, without any other clinical signs in the cow or the
calf, it is difficult to pinpoint the cause. “Friskie” was completely blind in
the eye. She was eating and growing well, but the eye continued to get cloudier
and even started to bulge. After watching her for a couple weeks, we decided it
was best to completely remove the eye to prevent further pain, damage or
rupture of the eye.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Because she was small, I opted to use gas anesthesia on her
and completely sedate her. Once she was under anesthesia, I gave her some pain
medicine in the vein, clipped and scrubbed the area around the eye and blocked
around the eye with lidocaine. I then sutured her eyelids closed, and proceeded
to cut all the surrounding muscles, ligaments and attachments of the eye. It
comes out in one piece. Pressure is applied to stop the bleeding in the eye
socket and then the remaining tissue surrounding the eye socket is sutured
closed. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Caution, of course, must be
taken when working with cows with only one eye as they have drastically limited
vision, but they adapt very well to their surroundings and use their other
senses (hearing and smell) to make up for their loss of vision.</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNaUJ0tamHnHI-AgG4pry28dTHVz_vXDVllsv9TD_Z0EVcIE1itNDuIUgOP7xLnhF81JObkMXtPJmJ-gY0niWXrToz-twXkWm6xQ8dz0Fq5gzNqx6lcsx1OGnZlWrqCJHY61hWNSE-ATY/s1600/DSC00374.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNaUJ0tamHnHI-AgG4pry28dTHVz_vXDVllsv9TD_Z0EVcIE1itNDuIUgOP7xLnhF81JObkMXtPJmJ-gY0niWXrToz-twXkWm6xQ8dz0Fq5gzNqx6lcsx1OGnZlWrqCJHY61hWNSE-ATY/s1600/DSC00374.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Blocking around the eye with lidocaine</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMdWUWH1173mH4o3KZyjhT63xop_SVIFhNYKHR0ykOkUkfjYmo1aOGTQ_jIqAiBZ14umzjXXye2Ij20TfCTtWmryQnpIO8WkXqq-cC7gy9sD1VLrtInnxQwkCJBmw6QEo7Flp8OqyMglQ/s1600/DSC00377.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMdWUWH1173mH4o3KZyjhT63xop_SVIFhNYKHR0ykOkUkfjYmo1aOGTQ_jIqAiBZ14umzjXXye2Ij20TfCTtWmryQnpIO8WkXqq-cC7gy9sD1VLrtInnxQwkCJBmw6QEo7Flp8OqyMglQ/s1600/DSC00377.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cutting around the eyelids that are sutured closed</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkXW0-9qzAiMiL3saJJYsivZtrFrWudXz_Jho2eIAhDs1b3EzBq_ezTGhhAyzfn9lfwkjSQGRJV9oGeHAPGi-dAiqVVPcF84I-yHlw_l4KBTzV42gJs5ePmogkRQSLVk-FXZneqY0Ssq0/s1600/DSC00378.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkXW0-9qzAiMiL3saJJYsivZtrFrWudXz_Jho2eIAhDs1b3EzBq_ezTGhhAyzfn9lfwkjSQGRJV9oGeHAPGi-dAiqVVPcF84I-yHlw_l4KBTzV42gJs5ePmogkRQSLVk-FXZneqY0Ssq0/s1600/DSC00378.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjz-5HnscCWsQcszAqy9N8yZf1CMYpLP40I-dxp_YPUuf7di-sZXYV-lqLt6ZKNfZvjVJH14TJ37PwbtTZoVXzSUW-D9xTtytzgtyXfTyCE6Kyy95s7RYF38j61tTfr5WHsG7JfRTzWd1U/s1600/DSC00383.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjz-5HnscCWsQcszAqy9N8yZf1CMYpLP40I-dxp_YPUuf7di-sZXYV-lqLt6ZKNfZvjVJH14TJ37PwbtTZoVXzSUW-D9xTtytzgtyXfTyCE6Kyy95s7RYF38j61tTfr5WHsG7JfRTzWd1U/s1600/DSC00383.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Removing the eye in one piece</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7Nhw5V_GWWtyKUR7GhFvbar0Pvr-8-7cTMaFHVxTduMwle4D3-W_B80oAq7nxIxAtuU_UEtLNYMyCGR_eDoySzkFaxc_JPZukEwBDbE9PvlHyQ4UoAVNTcV9wopaiCdtpGND59VuzYAM/s1600/DSC00387.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7Nhw5V_GWWtyKUR7GhFvbar0Pvr-8-7cTMaFHVxTduMwle4D3-W_B80oAq7nxIxAtuU_UEtLNYMyCGR_eDoySzkFaxc_JPZukEwBDbE9PvlHyQ4UoAVNTcV9wopaiCdtpGND59VuzYAM/s1600/DSC00387.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The empty eye socket</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh99sCYD9zCWCBZPWvbHUadzZaRxi1G6gTVcxHUBonwaL-zFMQqRkUmLMUO7qMpL8UFP9yqvcgPJso_FrqJSohFqFcYY5rVrGfxZruFHs-m7PcqP6JuOuVRf2lX3NDellRe6CkremG8avg/s1600/DSC00389.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh99sCYD9zCWCBZPWvbHUadzZaRxi1G6gTVcxHUBonwaL-zFMQqRkUmLMUO7qMpL8UFP9yqvcgPJso_FrqJSohFqFcYY5rVrGfxZruFHs-m7PcqP6JuOuVRf2lX3NDellRe6CkremG8avg/s1600/DSC00389.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Suturing the eye socket closed</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiniZs4wTyUh0O7bY2Uy8Ygmxgx3SufpvasSZKDq-d2Znsaq1YY1Ny2NgDuUWqeQ62xn1eThVft3CSy4IwAHT65pGNolH8o08xyt7W9Cz6CV-3rsVMZDmiTKAwwbeyZ8yJjAqrUwa2pJtM/s1600/DSC00391.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiniZs4wTyUh0O7bY2Uy8Ygmxgx3SufpvasSZKDq-d2Znsaq1YY1Ny2NgDuUWqeQ62xn1eThVft3CSy4IwAHT65pGNolH8o08xyt7W9Cz6CV-3rsVMZDmiTKAwwbeyZ8yJjAqrUwa2pJtM/s1600/DSC00391.JPG" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The eye socket sutured closed</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdRA9HOBePmEuITCZGRRZdjAq6y-L3f1O98gUehbiuBIzjfBB-eqU7tCSgsPprzdV-Rk3Ek5_o_jipkjytl52ZejTv53c1e7mLoy_eaJdkdsbgLdKuMtM_kSHf6EmNVj-YH6MAk2T3kLE/s1600/DSC00395.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdRA9HOBePmEuITCZGRRZdjAq6y-L3f1O98gUehbiuBIzjfBB-eqU7tCSgsPprzdV-Rk3Ek5_o_jipkjytl52ZejTv53c1e7mLoy_eaJdkdsbgLdKuMtM_kSHf6EmNVj-YH6MAk2T3kLE/s1600/DSC00395.JPG" height="150" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The removed eye</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgr6wIUfP867k-QXgkAchP-D98g5x-gzZqDuvLxMI9urOkWImdcOKWtX6xjXwpSgFpx3WjL1sb8dNXfSFfp3QgcqvU__NcfIWJEp5xYU50bWp_QB4_o90tIPsPld19_qWEHXwyDJ4bvOHE/s1600/DSC00371.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgr6wIUfP867k-QXgkAchP-D98g5x-gzZqDuvLxMI9urOkWImdcOKWtX6xjXwpSgFpx3WjL1sb8dNXfSFfp3QgcqvU__NcfIWJEp5xYU50bWp_QB4_o90tIPsPld19_qWEHXwyDJ4bvOHE/s1600/DSC00371.JPG" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Angular deformity in Carpal Joint</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Not only did “Friskie” have trouble with her eye, but when the
owner dropped her off at the clinic, he mentioned that her right front leg still had
an angular deformity to it. It was not broken, but the joint still had some
laxity to it, that would cause the carpal joint to angle outward when she was
bearing weight. After discussion with the owner, we decided to put a light cast
on the leg to see if, as she grows, it would gain strength and correct with the
support. I’ll remove the cast in two weeks to see if any progress has been
made. If not, we may need to apply another splint for another 2 weeks or so, and
see if it will correct.</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOctZeKKueQCOX0tNSNBrvfN9YEWf85QXfR10CsdFmIA5Y2WbBbERXBy4Q1KpjxzkS-woJ_nPvms3No9o4trhBXleTlqk8rsKZT23WgJhTghi1o7L58jlM0LfNa73DG5-xIQO0l4athNc/s1600/DSC00392.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOctZeKKueQCOX0tNSNBrvfN9YEWf85QXfR10CsdFmIA5Y2WbBbERXBy4Q1KpjxzkS-woJ_nPvms3No9o4trhBXleTlqk8rsKZT23WgJhTghi1o7L58jlM0LfNa73DG5-xIQO0l4athNc/s1600/DSC00392.JPG" height="150" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Applying the Cast</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPRpGpcIhTdoJuDPCFtAe_ACDDyswKtYVKNNs6lVYBoqudhQqJlOe6sSuV3-hBaRwq32DcksvWK4LqzW_sEjGNN-breMRI8Ms9UBTif9R8aa4yQnF17-WamifCiVkq66oBsOzKXmlLnE4/s1600/DSC00394.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPRpGpcIhTdoJuDPCFtAe_ACDDyswKtYVKNNs6lVYBoqudhQqJlOe6sSuV3-hBaRwq32DcksvWK4LqzW_sEjGNN-breMRI8Ms9UBTif9R8aa4yQnF17-WamifCiVkq66oBsOzKXmlLnE4/s1600/DSC00394.JPG" height="150" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cast applied</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I had a 4<sup>th</sup> year veterinary student riding with
me today, so of course he dissected the removed eye to see how thick the lens
of the affected eye was. It was about 4x thicker than it should be and affected
the entire lens of the eye. I think “Friskie” will feel much better in a few
days with the eye removed.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7tMTyJP_WuCTvuZJHoy3ItMb1vPjl4R6Tp3ydyxZ4wzfwStrQ7wjkM2rw2NBm-H0Sf2midQTloBdX41lEHAPNFpbVKDGRSUEHlPVp-iLrhobsaSrus2AxtOvYAn1oJBk_lNnagfpdq1c/s1600/DSC00397.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7tMTyJP_WuCTvuZJHoy3ItMb1vPjl4R6Tp3ydyxZ4wzfwStrQ7wjkM2rw2NBm-H0Sf2midQTloBdX41lEHAPNFpbVKDGRSUEHlPVp-iLrhobsaSrus2AxtOvYAn1oJBk_lNnagfpdq1c/s1600/DSC00397.JPG" height="150" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Dissecting the eye</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
She was woken up from anesthesia and within 30 minutes was
standing in her stall looking for a bottle of milk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She went home on pain medication and
antibiotics and will be rechecked within a week. </div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-13016558966755129772013-06-06T06:30:00.004-07:002013-06-06T13:55:21.190-07:00Happy Dairy Month!!!<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->June is Dairy Month and since it was a quiet week around the
office, I thought I would write about some fun dairy facts this week.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>How much of this did you already know???</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"></span></span></span>There are 6 breeds of cows that are considered “Dairy
Cows;” Holstein, Jersey, Ayrshire, Guernsey, Brown Swiss and Milking Shorthorn.
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Holsteins are the most popular cow in the United
States. This breed originated in the Netherlands, where the Dutch bred black cattle
from the Batavians with the white cattle of the Friesians, forming the known Holstein-Friesian
breed. The first Holstein cow made US landfall in 1852 in Massachusetts. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Jerseys are the second most common dairy breed
and originated from the Isle of Jersey in the English Channel. Jerseys are
known for their small, compact size, grazing ability, and the high butterfat
content of their milk. They are the smallest breed and can produce up to 13
times their body weight in milk!</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWhLHkGaLZp2IiyFfq0U3GkfDxSZjl-v3hNPWx-uXHYndN6pvcXjV5e20j1Re5GOKQIdRDi_6rq4Y0dn36igF6_Sf3TcJ_u0843q17LsuJJ4D1WYujxIJ6Tvj0q906TgIyIEpZlKw494I/s1600/dairy+breeds.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWhLHkGaLZp2IiyFfq0U3GkfDxSZjl-v3hNPWx-uXHYndN6pvcXjV5e20j1Re5GOKQIdRDi_6rq4Y0dn36igF6_Sf3TcJ_u0843q17LsuJJ4D1WYujxIJ6Tvj0q906TgIyIEpZlKw494I/s1600/dairy+breeds.jpg" height="200" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The six dairy breeds</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Ayrshires originated from the County of Ayr in
Scotland. They are red and white in color with the red being a bit darker than
that of the Guernsey cow. The first import of Ayrshires was believed to be in
1822 in the state of Connecticut. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Guernseys are another breed of dairy cattle that
is thought to have originated on the Isle of Guernsey in the English
Channel.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is actually little known evidence
to know how these cattle even made it to the Isle of Guernsey in the first
place. It is suspected that there was multiple other “breeds” of cattle that
were crossbred until the Guernsey breed established itself as a breed. These are the lightest red colored breed. In the
earliest times, they were known for the rich golden color of the milk. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Brown Swiss originated in Switzerland. The first
US Brown Swiss was purchased in 1869 by a man in Belmont, MA.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These cattle are known for the excellent
structure of their feet and legs and their overall sound body frame.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also thought to have a dual purpose for meat,
the Brown Swiss was officially declared a “dairy” breed in 1906. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New";"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>The Milking Shorthorn is considered a dual
purpose cow- known for its meat and milk producing capabilities. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Shorthorns originated in Northeastern England
and were first imported into the US in 1783. They are a versatile breed that is
becoming more popular in the US. It has the darkest red coloring of all the
breeds. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">-
</span></span></span>A cow’s spots are like fingerprints, no two are
the same. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">-
</span></span></span>Cows only have one stomach but with 4 compartments; reticulum, rumen, abomasum, omasum. A cow’s rumen (the 2<sup>nd</sup> compartment of
the stomach) is as big as a 50 gallon drum!</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkWnRVBaNkw0iHPIzcLW_JmjCLcOflWxGB3Vz4YKFimfEVaeKlcn8ijSXaUu8yxC0pqTRNgbwQ2l6IYE0Gu_pbkaSfj8rHxxclq1Xws520tALDHCFdMXCdhk99FyJbMP1zShDP8HbMJtI/s1600/cow-trunk-&-rumen.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkWnRVBaNkw0iHPIzcLW_JmjCLcOflWxGB3Vz4YKFimfEVaeKlcn8ijSXaUu8yxC0pqTRNgbwQ2l6IYE0Gu_pbkaSfj8rHxxclq1Xws520tALDHCFdMXCdhk99FyJbMP1zShDP8HbMJtI/s1600/cow-trunk-&-rumen.jpg" height="108" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cows will drink up to 35 gallons of water a day
depending on the outside temperature and how much milk she is making. And she will consume that much in only 30 minutes a day!<br />
<br />
- Cows prefer to spend 12-14 hours a day lying down resting, at which time they only spend about 30 minutes truly sleeping. <br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPef06T9Hp48F93NnrAUYjy560_i6IaslqvZ0O3GTzfmCvQV9tioQ_I7MON7dX6y2lmm9-4rXseXUm3C_vbg80YEnIog_VzRkZlT0fZXJ5bonTOodjkF2PmMPU8vrkJQiMqOHC3sCQjLQ/s1600/sleeping+cow.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPef06T9Hp48F93NnrAUYjy560_i6IaslqvZ0O3GTzfmCvQV9tioQ_I7MON7dX6y2lmm9-4rXseXUm3C_vbg80YEnIog_VzRkZlT0fZXJ5bonTOodjkF2PmMPU8vrkJQiMqOHC3sCQjLQ/s1600/sleeping+cow.jpg" height="149" width="200" /></a></div>
<br />
- Cows will eat 9-14 meals a day and during those meals will eat up to 100 pounds of food!</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
- Cows make up to 13 gallons of spit a day!</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>If a cow has twins; one female and one male,
there is only about a 10% chance that the female will actually have the
appropriate reproductive organs and hormones to have a baby herself one day. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cows have 3 eyelids; one on the top, one on the
bottom and one in the corner by the nose.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Only the top and bottom eyelid have eyelashes. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cows have very poor depth perception. This is
why when asking a cow to cross a gutter, they stop, lower their head, and focus
on the true depth of the “Grand Canyon” they are about to jump over.</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUJ1YEZxIYc1uMUE0ASfBEpBqlET2ZZ4Q1d_y3BBNh1KwkZDghX3lg2gE-4QogwcxfIMqafwwzlD9P-Y2HG8JMHwkt7SOS_TPdIqN3eVR44z69kHsO0OETmtHae40DtosgrVNXG4DF9sI/s1600/flight+zone.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUJ1YEZxIYc1uMUE0ASfBEpBqlET2ZZ4Q1d_y3BBNh1KwkZDghX3lg2gE-4QogwcxfIMqafwwzlD9P-Y2HG8JMHwkt7SOS_TPdIqN3eVR44z69kHsO0OETmtHae40DtosgrVNXG4DF9sI/s1600/flight+zone.jpg" height="125" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Flight zone of cattle.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Even though cows are one of the biggest domesticated species, they have the third smallest red blood cells! Cow red blood cells are smaller than dogs, pigs,
cats and horses. They are only bigger than sheep and goats red blood cells. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Because cows have eyes on the sides of their
head, they are able to see about 345 degrees around their body. There is only about a
15 degree area, directly behind them, that is considered their “blind spot.”</div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span>Cows can hear lower volume sounds and higher frequencies
better than humans, but are unable to identify the exact source of the noise as
easily. </div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left: .25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Cows are such fascinating animals with such amazing
abilities. I am so privileged to work with these amazing creatures every day! </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Remember, June is dairy month and July is Ice
Cream Month, so having a bowl of your favorite ice cream every day is
completely justified!!!!</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-81458724329817128362013-05-30T05:10:00.002-07:002013-06-03T17:30:56.751-07:00SPF 50 Please!!!!!<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
“Dr. Telgen, I have a heifer that is losing all her hair!!!!
I’ve never seen anything like it! She’s looks disgusting!” This is the phone
call I had from a client this week. It was an 18 month old heifer that had been
out on pasture.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When the dairymen went
to check on them, he found this girl with her hide sloughing off various parts
of her body. They brought her back to the barn and called me. I was headed
there, for a fresh cow with a DA and while I was there, I checked on the
“freak” heifer that is losing all her hair.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Below are several pictures of various parts of the heifer.
The bright pink tint to certain parts of the animal is salve they applied to
keep the areas moist and try to relieve some of the irritation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you look closely, you will notice that the
areas where there is black hair, and subsequently black skin underneath, appear
to be normal. The areas of white hair/skin are the portions of the animal that
are affected. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMKiNY4Ug_YGA2sdLjVyuZ0xMqzuyVidy8_FWhB4Y3U2sMnBzpOqNhvTCye5MAUWpsefSR9n4MiFL39Fn4u9RUTW0PpfVOfjHu7OxlreZgl2iZZGzhzZWkcSJyEJBi0qGFl49qnU8d_js/s1600/0529131240.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMKiNY4Ug_YGA2sdLjVyuZ0xMqzuyVidy8_FWhB4Y3U2sMnBzpOqNhvTCye5MAUWpsefSR9n4MiFL39Fn4u9RUTW0PpfVOfjHu7OxlreZgl2iZZGzhzZWkcSJyEJBi0qGFl49qnU8d_js/s1600/0529131240.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Notice how the affected skin follows the line of the black hair.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The is a case of photosensitization, which only affects the white portions of
the animal. Only the white portions are affected, because there is a lack of melanin in the skin, like there is in the black portions, and those white portions are most sensitive to sunlight. If you look closely at
the pictures, you can see the areas where the skin is sloughing and perfectly
follows the lines of the black hair. Other common areas affected are the mucocutaneous
junctions such as around the eyes, nose, vulva and teats. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This heifer had lesions around her nose, but
the eyes, teats and vulva were unaffected. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6eXBj9sh7cIVl8XBahLiwHce6am0lwTFjSNfLY_o7i_OE8cUD7GjmcIytHIN66r9_lculc6aQwLXpSbRpZ6W4LmQJiDRPXtyso8RUbPH_wje41_TW_7Yh2QZ90PKiEFcUhaKBWnyCbCs/s1600/0529131240a.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6eXBj9sh7cIVl8XBahLiwHce6am0lwTFjSNfLY_o7i_OE8cUD7GjmcIytHIN66r9_lculc6aQwLXpSbRpZ6W4LmQJiDRPXtyso8RUbPH_wje41_TW_7Yh2QZ90PKiEFcUhaKBWnyCbCs/s1600/0529131240a.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY06DoeDIVB_j6chmmBYxaAedj7YmbXsizyUtoxQwJK-x2WRoa1hS50YAlTNlaIuC-Nsv58b2CiLyy1Fc1ovzwjgUOFl097Hi7Wct-ixDbZ0eq_k1MJ8geGq6JVbboEdkTlA8de28xF3c/s1600/0529131241.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhY06DoeDIVB_j6chmmBYxaAedj7YmbXsizyUtoxQwJK-x2WRoa1hS50YAlTNlaIuC-Nsv58b2CiLyy1Fc1ovzwjgUOFl097Hi7Wct-ixDbZ0eq_k1MJ8geGq6JVbboEdkTlA8de28xF3c/s1600/0529131241.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghyQmN5PAi43tQ3O2zeKqvFpza7ZYQuhg5Mf5IPmAomgCqfk6wKTDPywnOXqAJd4VMt9QdCexMDN3IIVRSS7QAfSNPJuRNt5pUxuwXPxK7qdZsPNVQ9MoLEs4jMuIaKmru5ayk8GBjsLs/s1600/0529131242.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghyQmN5PAi43tQ3O2zeKqvFpza7ZYQuhg5Mf5IPmAomgCqfk6wKTDPywnOXqAJd4VMt9QdCexMDN3IIVRSS7QAfSNPJuRNt5pUxuwXPxK7qdZsPNVQ9MoLEs4jMuIaKmru5ayk8GBjsLs/s1600/0529131242.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Her nose seemed to be the only mucocutaneous junction affected.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP07p8NrYtXLVYIUMCizf4cQh9MUYVvSH3GBQRvWYpTif57pEq0xvebawJ7luEGPfIaT1SSs9xf8A2vFBNIVaffpcfXJY2HRJ87dyFhxna5dLY6UbYLdCTvPOpYHxoR0djr-buoShVBko/s1600/0529131243.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP07p8NrYtXLVYIUMCizf4cQh9MUYVvSH3GBQRvWYpTif57pEq0xvebawJ7luEGPfIaT1SSs9xf8A2vFBNIVaffpcfXJY2HRJ87dyFhxna5dLY6UbYLdCTvPOpYHxoR0djr-buoShVBko/s1600/0529131243.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The hide feels very tough and dried leather like. Just peels off with very little effort. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgorZpjwWuSPp1WvYvkFrnnOs2jlPHdjPgOs1ZCq3cDhyphenhyphenj6gpbg6pSXfilqMj87sYS-Ej6cveiLzlwgSKWtVOBJRtpDXi77lqgl6Yjr8XryfLK4QsSg2NyGPP3U9TcfyQvzaZgazIusqg/s1600/0529131244.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgorZpjwWuSPp1WvYvkFrnnOs2jlPHdjPgOs1ZCq3cDhyphenhyphenj6gpbg6pSXfilqMj87sYS-Ej6cveiLzlwgSKWtVOBJRtpDXi77lqgl6Yjr8XryfLK4QsSg2NyGPP3U9TcfyQvzaZgazIusqg/s1600/0529131244.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The affected areas went all the way down to her feet!</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Cows are not the most discriminant eaters. This heifer had
been out on pasture and most likely consumed a plant or weed that causes
photosensitization.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As the animal
metabolizes the plant that it has eaten, metabolites within the plant enter the
body’s circulation and make their way to the skin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When these animals are outside on pasture and
exposed to direct sunlight, these “photodynamic substances” now in the skin,
cause inflammation, irritation and essentially peeling of the skin.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s like being a red-headed, blue-eyed
person out in the sun all day with no sunscreen, getting fried and then having
the top layer of skin peel off.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Not that
I know what that is like or anything….</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As badly as sunburns hurt on me, I felt sorry for this poor
heifer! Surprisingly, this heifer does not seem to be too affected by the
situation. She has been brought inside the barn to be kept out of direct
sunlight and is being treated with supportive care. She has received some pain
medicine, and as I mentioned, the salve is being applied to help keep the area
moist. However, she was running around the pen and eats and drinks like nothing
is wrong.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Unfortunately, the damage to
the skin has already been done and there is nothing we can do to prevent the
rest of the affected areas from sloughing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>As long as she does not suffer from bacterial infections of the exposed,
raw skin, she has the potential to fully recover and go on to be a productive
animal. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
There are about 30+ plants, molds and chemicals that can
cause photosensitivity like this. The most common plants are St. John’s wort
and Buckwheat, both of which are pictured here.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Other common plants that cause this primary photosensitivity include,
Bishop’s weed, Dutchman’s breeches, wild carrot, spring parsley, prairie lily,
smartweeds, perennial ryegrass, Burr trefoil and even alfalfas and clovers. I
would have to research what most of these plants/weeds look like, but if you
have animals (cows, horses, sheep or goats) out on pasture and notice some of
these plants, it may not be a bad idea to remove them.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmBKzln-041thGd2xzVnhJRPHyOFb7xDm2mgzh0kQ7KEIsevcYRCtcHzdjXLlJfciX6nirUfDXK3zGDEA8SWm_48YF59dNj-Y7seIhC4qhGAcOt8mZmh_qeNP9PIAGVPv_X0zymIsFii8/s1600/buckwheat.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmBKzln-041thGd2xzVnhJRPHyOFb7xDm2mgzh0kQ7KEIsevcYRCtcHzdjXLlJfciX6nirUfDXK3zGDEA8SWm_48YF59dNj-Y7seIhC4qhGAcOt8mZmh_qeNP9PIAGVPv_X0zymIsFii8/s1600/buckwheat.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Buckwheat</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</span></div>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3RrboQKX5ZRBCuWZa3hCWhGM8Kgn_Qm_sFj1ALWvaZaFUUAD5c3SqCu3eVaJCIb7IFwBbDU1_BZydUVK6UL-Ry0-jQdTPb0qmkNvfqocIVtPaHN-riGHVWXhSDln3HwW4se6EhFiKRiU/s1600/st-johns-wort.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3RrboQKX5ZRBCuWZa3hCWhGM8Kgn_Qm_sFj1ALWvaZaFUUAD5c3SqCu3eVaJCIb7IFwBbDU1_BZydUVK6UL-Ry0-jQdTPb0qmkNvfqocIVtPaHN-riGHVWXhSDln3HwW4se6EhFiKRiU/s1600/st-johns-wort.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">St. John's Wort</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Not all animals are affected. The other heifers
in the pasture with this one all seem to be fine. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is also pretty much impossible to know which
animals are going to suffer from such a disorder, until you start to see signs
of the skin sloughing.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If only they made
sunscreen for cows, that would be easy to apply and actually work through the
hair!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-90151352274215453992013-05-22T09:38:00.000-07:002013-05-22T09:38:07.566-07:00OINK OINK SQUEEEEAAAALLLL!!!!<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">It’s May, which
means farmers are all in the fields getting the corn planted and the forages
mowed, chopped and packed away to start fermenting.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is my favorite time of year as things
start to green up, the weather gets warm, and I don’t have to wear 5 layers of
clothing to work outside. Probably my favorite smell of spring is the smell of
alfalfa after it has just been mowed in the field, and is getting ready to get
chopped. The lilacs might be my second favorite…. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">With all the hustle
and bustle of spring time field work, the veterinary work seems to slow right
down. I’ve been slacking on weekly blog posts, because I just don’t feel like I
have done anything “exciting” to write about.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The sick cow calls are few and the majority of my time is spent doing my
routine herd checks, paperwork and continuing education credits. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As today
approached, I was again concerned that I didn’t have anything to write about,
but yesterday I was called out for an emergency on an animal I <s>hardly
ever</s>, never routinely see. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDQ8Xe2C2uhkDdt7BCIt2Q1-yz8jWJRyHsv4YVZU_2NEikpOwWSvRyFj3Zm0P8ijCF6EZZcJD5Ot94cJ1EhQ9jtHAhk-LKtKY0kYYNvvqmff-_oTvI_zw8WJ0AntSbbYTm5VHhQgeRv10/s1600/Mama.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDQ8Xe2C2uhkDdt7BCIt2Q1-yz8jWJRyHsv4YVZU_2NEikpOwWSvRyFj3Zm0P8ijCF6EZZcJD5Ot94cJ1EhQ9jtHAhk-LKtKY0kYYNvvqmff-_oTvI_zw8WJ0AntSbbYTm5VHhQgeRv10/s1600/Mama.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">"Mama"</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Meet “Mama,” a 600
pound sow. I was called to the farm because “Mama” had a piglet over an hour ago,
and still had not had any more.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Now, I know the title of my blog is “A day in the life of a COW vet,” but
technically our clinic will take care of cows, sheep, goats and pigs. Most of
our clients have dairy cows, and that truly is my passion, but pigs fall under
our umbrella, so off I go. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Anyone who
personally knows me, knows that I went to school in the Midwest, where pigs are
abundant, so I shouldn’t have any problem with this right???? Wrong.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"></span>I often say, “There is only so much room
upstairs, and eventually something has to fall out.” Well, the pig information
I learned in school fell victim to the overflow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Luckily we have another veterinarian on staff that also went to school
in the Midwest, in a state where there are even MORE pigs then where I was. She
is the resident pig expert so I called her for a little advice on what to do. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her first warning was that a pregnant sow, in
labor, can be very mean and to be very careful not to get killed by an angry
600lb sow. OK.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’m looking forward to
this…</div>
<br />
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLa18pJq9aDfsmI65TSvdn_VzWZ_ScOMpLgbHHaO8a-XJoZW8V64EdOp0lH9GfpKFKnPX8ARMdndb_X9T08DT_x895zGPLQGDFG5p5XFNRF1bRbpIyfMpy0Rn0C9Y4OtpKF8wTr_l0hDQ/s1600/first+piglet.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLa18pJq9aDfsmI65TSvdn_VzWZ_ScOMpLgbHHaO8a-XJoZW8V64EdOp0lH9GfpKFKnPX8ARMdndb_X9T08DT_x895zGPLQGDFG5p5XFNRF1bRbpIyfMpy0Rn0C9Y4OtpKF8wTr_l0hDQ/s1600/first+piglet.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">First and biggest piglet born. </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Next, reach in
there and see if there is a stuck pig, if so, move it around and pull it out!
Well, that sounds a whole lot like a cow with a stuck calf. I can handle
that.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>However, if there is no stuck pig,
then a small dose of oxytocin given right in the vulva of the sow will help
with uterine contractions and push the piglets towards the birth canal. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2SIrR0w2bUXEC3fXMtWL8IjPDdTrp5jvmUspWhzMZcA4oi6DWxMGcSJ77QiSzTKHBiskzyZxd2FU4rE09rIE5rsOI6MIjDeuotlz2ldiK6kbReuDbY8pmyQ2rVpJxGlliGxGiWFgmF3g/s1600/mama+and+piglets.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2SIrR0w2bUXEC3fXMtWL8IjPDdTrp5jvmUspWhzMZcA4oi6DWxMGcSJ77QiSzTKHBiskzyZxd2FU4rE09rIE5rsOI6MIjDeuotlz2ldiK6kbReuDbY8pmyQ2rVpJxGlliGxGiWFgmF3g/s1600/mama+and+piglets.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Finding the milk!</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">When I arrived,
there were no stuck pigs, so I gave the sow some oxytocin and waited a little
bit before reaching in to see if I could feel another pig. Mama, had only had
one piglet so far, and after discussion with Dr. E, pigs won’t maintain a pregnancy
if there are any less than 4 piglets. Interesting! Based on this new fun fact, I knew I had to go find
at least 3 more!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Back inside I go. I
felt some very sharp teeth and finally a leg. I pulled out 2 more piglets and
couldn’t reach any more. The client had smaller arms than myself, so I had her
reach in to see if she could get in further and feel more. Three more piglets
were in there, along with one small, under-developed, dead piglet.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We couldn’t feel anymore so we are hoping 6 is all she has. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She appeared to
stop straining and was very hot and tired. The little piglets started squealing
and were rutting around, looking for some milk. We helped get them all
started on a teat, and off they go! </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">It
made for an interesting change of pace, but I like sticking with what I know. I’ll take care of the cows and let Dr. E have all the pigs she wants!!!!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>;-)</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-13788955867526725862013-05-09T03:32:00.000-07:002013-05-09T03:32:49.674-07:00"It's Not a Toomah!!!"A little Arnold Schwarzenegger humor to go along with my case of the week... <br />
<br />
I was pregnancy checking heifers at one of my herd checks this week. As I've mentioned before, during herd checks, we always have to keep our eyes peeled for other things either happening with the animal we are currently working on, or other animals in the pen. As I was checking this particular heifer, I noticed something hanging down from her udder. At first I thought it was just her tail that I caught out of the corner of my eye, but then I looked a little closer. Yup- it was attached to her udder and was hanging down between the front and back teats on the left hand side of her udder. It was a firm mass that almost appeared to be an extra teat, but was much more pendulous, hard and even had a portion of the mass that was black and rotting. It didn't seem to bother her as I was examining it, and it didn't feel attached to anything much deeper in the mammary tissue. <br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVkX87Pvh1tzlNWUI5CWgqKPpNrF2BNDaCJoUPAm44X58F8-hF5xSlJWWGsRu4f2k4cx6pAQM2q0IUBA-bYJz0Idi48A-mcIxEgCzpUSF3TuFV0ATPFK_AKIbow6n8YrhLG411NJT4vnA/s1600/tumor+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVkX87Pvh1tzlNWUI5CWgqKPpNrF2BNDaCJoUPAm44X58F8-hF5xSlJWWGsRu4f2k4cx6pAQM2q0IUBA-bYJz0Idi48A-mcIxEgCzpUSF3TuFV0ATPFK_AKIbow6n8YrhLG411NJT4vnA/s1600/tumor+1.jpg" height="320" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The mass hanging between the two teats</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Now, as a review for those who do know, and info for those that may not, cows have 4 teats. Sheep, goats and horses have 2 teats, pigs can have up to 14, dogs-10, cats-8. As the fetus develops, the teats start as buds of epithelial cells that continue to develop into teats. Normally there are more buds during development than will actually be there when the animal is born. The other buds normally regress. It is quite common in cows, however, to find extra teats. These are buds that continued to develop and form teats. Even if there is an extra teat there, it may not have the mammary tissue, or milk producing glands to go along with it. Because the extra teats can be problematic at milking time and can still end up diseased, they are often removed as young calves. <br />
<br />
This mass had some resemblance of a teat, but did not look like your typical extra teat, which looks identical to a normal teat. Also, we remove all extra teats on this farm as calves, when we are vaccinating them 8 months prior to the current age of this animal. So I decided I should remove it. There was talk of putting a castrating band on it, but we always worry about tetanus, other infections and breakage of the band before the mass has been removed. Also, dealing with the udder of a cow can be quite bloody, as there are lots and lots of blood vessels going to the udder to allow milk production when the animal starts to lactate.<br />
<br />
As a side note, a cow will pump about <span style="color: red;"><b>500 gallons</b></span> of blood through her udder <b>a day</b> to make <span style="color: red;"><b><u><i>one</i></u></b></span> gallon of milk. That's a lot of blood for cows making 11 gallons of milk a day!!!!!<br />
<br />
Because she was just a heifer and not lactating yet, and because it was a beautiful day, I opted for surgery. We sedated the cow and I blocked the area around the mass with lidocaine. Because it was between the two normal teats, I had to be careful not to cut too deeply or cut into the tissue of the normal teats. As I could tell from examining it, it was not deeply attached to the rest of the mammary tissue and was quite easily removed. I sutured her up with degradable sutures and she looks good as new! <br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGAh55j-xVBnA960vzlBFGJoO2fqUjUAr389sJRADHZAHjBvgEdfDM0v-Frrzxa6Wc5gPzNXB7PBaa9wkrdQu9DfG12tnbtG3T-4wPaPWCsved4b4AGOp8hL3e9j_hZlFYN8TU2MWM_Z0/s1600/tumor+3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGAh55j-xVBnA960vzlBFGJoO2fqUjUAr389sJRADHZAHjBvgEdfDM0v-Frrzxa6Wc5gPzNXB7PBaa9wkrdQu9DfG12tnbtG3T-4wPaPWCsved4b4AGOp8hL3e9j_hZlFYN8TU2MWM_Z0/s1600/tumor+3.jpg" height="320" width="238" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Final suture layer</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO0tiehBH374gs08AIwX7Yz-QEOl3CGkdySxsS8PUC9z72DTv_3HxHCV9lHof3bvPk7LfcUa5upTJveeSzvTmFa1G0OvSMdVW7NgcnsQaExK9XnJnu48zdiYGee94_eMiT_jA7Mi11xk0/s1600/tumor+4.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO0tiehBH374gs08AIwX7Yz-QEOl3CGkdySxsS8PUC9z72DTv_3HxHCV9lHof3bvPk7LfcUa5upTJveeSzvTmFa1G0OvSMdVW7NgcnsQaExK9XnJnu48zdiYGee94_eMiT_jA7Mi11xk0/s1600/tumor+4.jpg" height="320" width="239" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Back to a normal looking udder!</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC_IT2lD6dY0zbYyuj8Ojxx-F-j_sQCrbUeIpgTiROmFi2HX8xbD6yqpScp-BXepEVdIa-ic2paGc3NoINC9BgZPWmF_OsDtG9j4HKm_YPAfmiPrQzH78SMW2Zgzp84OuyLuzwdDQHnJc/s1600/tumor+5.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC_IT2lD6dY0zbYyuj8Ojxx-F-j_sQCrbUeIpgTiROmFi2HX8xbD6yqpScp-BXepEVdIa-ic2paGc3NoINC9BgZPWmF_OsDtG9j4HKm_YPAfmiPrQzH78SMW2Zgzp84OuyLuzwdDQHnJc/s1600/tumor+5.jpg" height="320" width="238" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The inside of the mass</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
And of course, I HAD to cut into the mass to see what it was. It did have elements of being a teat. There was a little teat canal in the dark, black, rotting tissue, but the rest of the mass was firm with edema. I'm not sure if she was missed as a calf, or if this is something that developed after we had already checked them for extra teats, but it would not have been something to leave for when she was a mature lactating cow, and there were thousands of gallons of blood pumping through her udder. If it were to catch on something and rip off, she could very well have bled to death. I'm glad we did the surgery and with a little time and allowing the area to heal, we may never be able to tell she had a "toomah" in the first place!!!!Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-35335966310010966172013-05-02T08:29:00.003-07:002013-05-02T08:29:51.799-07:00Droopy Ears and Drunken Behavior <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Over the last couple weeks, I’ve been working with a farm having calves suffering from droopy ears and head tilts. This week I was called to a second
farm, for a calf with the same symptoms, so I thought it was time to discuss. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Let’s start with a background. Farm A houses their calves in
groups and feeds them milk replacer for the first month of life then switches
them to waste milk that has been pasteurized. The calves that have been getting
droopy ears are about 1 month old and are on the pasteurized waste milk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Farm B had a calf that was about 3-4 months
old, is weaned and is being fed hay, grain and water.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf82aAfTRQ1RDDO4piS5vz8_1r5gvVlT2oLTGWESZ1qGSHzyIiNqqp8R1ltcV_pI5iyRsC-bhwRW9jQaDzlE5TRGr7KLF-5HSiEe0hiY9hHl0K0psNBFd2S3To9ZEV4mVRAs841q75K70/s1600/myco+calf.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjf82aAfTRQ1RDDO4piS5vz8_1r5gvVlT2oLTGWESZ1qGSHzyIiNqqp8R1ltcV_pI5iyRsC-bhwRW9jQaDzlE5TRGr7KLF-5HSiEe0hiY9hHl0K0psNBFd2S3To9ZEV4mVRAs841q75K70/s1600/myco+calf.jpg" height="400" width="220" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">One of the patients with droopy ears</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Many times farmers will say to us “Doc- her ear is droopy
and she’s walking like she is drunk!” Calves that have droopy ears
and head tilts, suffer from what we call “otitis media,” a fancy way of saying
and inner-ear infection.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The inner ear
is responsible for hearing, obviously, but balance as well. There is an intricate
system of bone and cartilage in the inner ear that works together with the
brain, eyes and rest of the body to allow an animal, and a human, to know which
end is up. When there is an infection in the inner part of this ear, the entire
system is disrupted and the calves walk unbalanced, stumble and can fall
down.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The body is such an amazing unit that works so in synch, that
we often take it for granted.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When these
calves with inner ear infections are blind-folded, the head tilt is exacerbated
and the balance is worsened.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We don’t
realize how important eye sight is, and how much it helps compensate for
deficiencies in other areas! So amazing! Anyway, I digress…</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Most commonly we associate otitis media with the bacteria <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mycoplasma. </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although this is a very common causative
agent, it’s not the only bacteria involved in these situations. Farm A had been
treating these calves with an antibiotic that <i>Mycoplasma</i> is susceptible to, but
the calves were not getting any better, in fact they seemed to be getting
worse. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Farm B had also treated the calf
with the same antibiotic and this calf was not getting worse, but was slow to
improve.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Because there are other
bacteria that can be involved in otitis media situations, it was time to<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>take some real sample and submit them to the
lab for analysis.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Farm A had a calf that
was severely neurologic, was falling down consistently and had already had the
appropriate treatment. Her prognosis was grave, so we chose to euthanize her
and perform a necropsy. When I removed the ear, there was brown, thick
discharge in the ear canal. Using a sterile swab and special culture media, I
sampled the discharge, from both ears and sent it into the lab. I also sent in
the other standard necropsy samples such as lung, liver, spleen, kidney,
intestines, thymus, lymph node and heart muscle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Usually in neurologic cases, we also submit
the brain, however, I was confident that the neurologic signs were coming from
the inner ear infection, so did not add the brain to my samples. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The results came back with several different bugs. There was
indeed Mycoplasma cultured from one of the ear swabs that I sent in. The lab
also cultured <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Trueperella pyogenes</i>,<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Proteus Mirabilis</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">, and <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pseudomonas
Aeruginosa.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></i>So, where do all these
bugs come from????</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Let’s start with <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mycoplasma</i>. This is a bacterium that is
commonly associated with pneumonia in calves and mastitis in cows.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is found in the respiratory secretions of
calves and is considered part of the “Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex” that
I’ve discussed before. It is a contagious bacterium that can be transmitted
from animal to animal in the milking machines, nose to nose contact, or from
the environment. It has been shown to live for months in sand, ponds and in
other cool, humid conditions.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As I
mentioned earlier, it is susceptible to a few different antibiotics and when
it’s the only bacteria involved in the situation, it can be cured.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Because cows shed the bacteria at different
times, many farms routinely sample their milk to check for <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mycoplasma</i>. Due to its contagious nature and the trouble it causes
for cows and calves, most farms will sell any infected cattle. Proper
pasteurization does kill the bacteria so animals fed waste milk, or milk sold
for human consumption is clean. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQqzaLyQ_518ezDu3mL__KkjCiJ6jqGCgBR0Dsm84Uhk1oEjea6kywb8Sa2zzD_YGN-7jOsuyGlfWAh76c6HEo3R_o-6PVrz6HADtKUU_k4DsmR1xzD4blw2WnWlRY0TkXZDCGQ0pDF8A/s1600/a+pyo+udder.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQqzaLyQ_518ezDu3mL__KkjCiJ6jqGCgBR0Dsm84Uhk1oEjea6kywb8Sa2zzD_YGN-7jOsuyGlfWAh76c6HEo3R_o-6PVrz6HADtKUU_k4DsmR1xzD4blw2WnWlRY0TkXZDCGQ0pDF8A/s1600/a+pyo+udder.jpg" height="215" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Abscessed udder from <i>Trueperella pyogenes</i></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Trueperella pyogenes</span></i><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> is a common mastitis bacterium.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The bacteria are found on the skin of the cow
and can be spread by flies and fly bites. It can also infect the udder if the
teat end is damaged, the cow was not treated with clean hands or the cow is in
a dirty environment. The bacteria form little abscesses in the udder of a cow.
Because of the abscesses formed in the udder, these animals are very difficult
to treat as very few antibiotics are able to penetrate the wall of the abscess
to get to the bacteria.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">The other two
bacteria that were isolated from the culture are very difficult bacteria to
kill. They are resistant to many drugs and the bacteria have little flagella
that allow them to move or “swim” around.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Again, they are found in a dirty environment and commonly associated
with fecal material. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They may not have
been the true causative agent, but rather took advantage of the opportunity of
an infected ear and are wreaking havoc along the way. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">So now that I know
what bugs I’m dealing with, what’s next? Well, we have been sampling Farm A
milk for a couple weeks now, trying to see if the pasteurization of the waste
milk is adequate and see if we can culture <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mycoplasma
</i>from the waste milk. If we find a positive, she will automatically be
culled. We know there are <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Trueperella</i>
mastitis cows, and they may be more of an issue than the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mycoplasma</i> alone. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As I
mentioned earlier, many of these bugs are found in a dirty environment.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cleaning up the environment for these calves
and the cows will go a LONG way in preventing these diseases from
occurring.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We need to minimize, if not
eliminate, the source of the bacteria for these calves. If you start with dirty
milk, there is only so much you can do, to make it clean. Pasteurization helps
reduce bacteria load, but it <u>does not</u> sterilize the milk. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Finding what is
causing the issue is easy. It’s getting people to change their practices that
cause more stress than anything in a veterinarian’s life!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">Farm B’s calf seems
to be more of a respiratory issue than dirty milk. She has had a fever that has
coincided with the droopy ear. We have decided to try to flush her ear out with
hydrogen peroxide and if there is no improvement, we can pop her ear drum to
allow the “gunk” to drain. Overall I feel like she on the mend and has a decent
prognosis. There does not seem to be any other calves affected so it’s not a
“herd issue,” rather an isolated case. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She may always have the droopy ear, but as
long as she continues to eat and grow, she can go on to be a productive animal.
</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-36356930373562934672013-04-18T11:41:00.000-07:002013-04-18T11:41:37.015-07:00Yummy! Vegetative Endocarditis with a side of Pericarditis. <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
Before I start this post, I would encourage anyone who does
NOT have a warped sense of appropriate dinner conversations, like many in the
medical field, to not consume ANYTHING while reading this one… You have been
warned. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
I was asked to perform a necropsy (animal autopsy) on a dry cow
at one of my herd checks the other day. This cow was a middle aged cow that had
been dried off a month ago.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She went
down in the stall, looked thin, unthrifty and did not even seem to have the
energy to get up to eat.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was housed
in a separate facility with all the other dry cows.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Refresher: a dry cow is a cow that is due to have a baby in
2 months. The last two months before they calve, the cow stops milking and the
udder is allowed to regenerate and renew itself for the next lactation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Since this cow seemed to be sick, she was brought up to the
herdsman on the farm so that she could be treated with the appropriate
medications.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The herdsman gave her a
bottle of calcium in the vein, and pumped her stomach with alfalfa meal and
energy to keep the bugs in the rumen alive. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She was kept outside on the lawn, where she
would have adequate footing and wouldn’t be at risk to slipping on concrete and
further injuring herself. When the herdsman went out to check her a couple hours
later, she was found dead. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm4EkdlI0Tnh6fC0hGTIF9VSozYCC6LV4XHyo_7hxQ79hJ4Ugi8INPkaD2__wvu27g6pzEZGyAcgsPFcR2Ex2g012mEO_Fqg7doUenLL4uNDT99Fxti6tROOk2itCMMk-9TE4flz-3p9E/s1600/CAM00294.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm4EkdlI0Tnh6fC0hGTIF9VSozYCC6LV4XHyo_7hxQ79hJ4Ugi8INPkaD2__wvu27g6pzEZGyAcgsPFcR2Ex2g012mEO_Fqg7doUenLL4uNDT99Fxti6tROOk2itCMMk-9TE4flz-3p9E/s1600/CAM00294.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsMGcFBJIVstQGeI3HqSwnBuGNgSwTwnWJy6QdNe56FRVgH2WOuxAJ_d41Um_4aaFcdxJBPdWsXFx2wBoe7RdAucWlir6E_ePusgL7Sll30RoFIH65sznj1iwh-4mGumUyvzbU7ftLGA4/s1600/normal+heart.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsMGcFBJIVstQGeI3HqSwnBuGNgSwTwnWJy6QdNe56FRVgH2WOuxAJ_d41Um_4aaFcdxJBPdWsXFx2wBoe7RdAucWlir6E_ePusgL7Sll30RoFIH65sznj1iwh-4mGumUyvzbU7ftLGA4/s1600/normal+heart.jpg" height="320" width="213" /></a>To start a necropsy, we lay the cow so that the left side is
down on the ground. We then cut back the front leg, then the back leg to allow
full exposure of the inside of the cow. The abdominal cavity is opened and the
right rib cage is removed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When I
removed the rib cage of this cow, I noticed severe hemorrhaging and bruising
around the lower lungs and heart.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There
was excessive scarring of the heart, to the sternum. The lungs looked relatively healthy.
Based on what I was seeing, I decided to take out the lungs and heart in one
chunk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The picture above is the pericardium of the heart in my cow. This is the sack that the heart sits in. Normally
there is straw colored fluid in the sack, preventing friction as the heart
beats. A normal pericardium is very thin and pictured to the left. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
When I peeled back the thick pericardium to gain access to
the heart, I was greeted with the lovely picture below and to the left.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The yellowish stringy material is all scar
tissue. You can also see the severe bruising on the inside of the pericardium.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOvzgFgfZxD0L695uLRBztRTheL9TwZHf79kHa5v1C07gqrWmiequPIVYSimJ2UcXRdqUkz8XHvNJi5qi6pIyUcXk-RmjZjsV__UwV1-5Sh2hyphenhyphensdNVyYZKYUSRDP9qSC7suGnKLPZEQKY/s1600/CAM00296.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOvzgFgfZxD0L695uLRBztRTheL9TwZHf79kHa5v1C07gqrWmiequPIVYSimJ2UcXRdqUkz8XHvNJi5qi6pIyUcXk-RmjZjsV__UwV1-5Sh2hyphenhyphensdNVyYZKYUSRDP9qSC7suGnKLPZEQKY/s1600/CAM00296.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a>I then opened up the right ventricle and examined the
atrial-ventricular (AV) valve, following with the left ventricle. These valves
are also normally very thin and smooth. The long strings seen in the picture
are normally there and help with the movement of the valve. What are not normal,
are the large chunks on the valve, seen in the circles.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This is where the “vegetative” term comes into play. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigKQ_njnhAyAFR5lh1oWndg_VMNSAQiF7VaJZNsvXz4IbZpbtLvW_CZ8vVGgNtWOTkxVuHc0uTqsuILwUA-ssO6PPPz6PUhzySmA_dafVjV6p0HoDVXDeTVegt2EAIULnmfVLQaeGKR58/s1600/CAM00298.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigKQ_njnhAyAFR5lh1oWndg_VMNSAQiF7VaJZNsvXz4IbZpbtLvW_CZ8vVGgNtWOTkxVuHc0uTqsuILwUA-ssO6PPPz6PUhzySmA_dafVjV6p0HoDVXDeTVegt2EAIULnmfVLQaeGKR58/s1600/CAM00298.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Circles are the vegetative lesions on the valves</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
These large vegetations are colonies of bacteria that have
taken up residence on the AV valves. In order for the bacteria to get to the heart,
the cow had to have had bacteria in her blood; a term we call septicemia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In adult cows, diseases such as pneumonia,
mastitis (infection of the udder), metritis (infection of the uterus), or
acidosis (decreased pH in the rumen) can all result in septicemia.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The herdsman could not recall any of the
previously mentioned diseases in this particular cow. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Now as I mentioned, the pericardium was also diseased. This
is termed pericarditis. Pericarditis alone is most commonly caused by “hardware;”
sharp pieces of metal that have been ingested and have poked through the lining
of the stomach, through the diaphragm and into the pericardium. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cows are non-discriminate eaters, so they will
not pick around a nail or scrap of metal, when they take a bite of food. To try
to minimize hardware disease, many cows are given a magnet, which sits in the
reticulum or bottom of the rumen to catch any metal they may eat. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
In this case, I could not find any signs of hardware when I
examined the stomach and diaphragm. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I
suspect that the septicemia that caused the endocarditis was severe enough to also
cause the pericarditis. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br />
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Endocarditis is usually treatable with long term antibiotic
therapy. Because there are several different kinds of bacteria that can cause
endocarditis, a blood culture would be needed, to find the right antibiotic for
the job.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Treatment can take up to 3
weeks and can be very expensive.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> And sometimes we don't know what is really wrong with them, until we perform a necropsy and find this! </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
As disgusting as you may, or may not, find this, it really is awesome when a necropsy reveals such wonderful lesions and an obvious cause of death. Because I’m one of those with a warped sense of appropriate
topics for discussion at the dinner table, all this talk of vegetation has made me hungry... Til
next time!!!! :-)<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="267">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin-top:0in;
mso-para-margin-right:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;
mso-para-margin-left:0in;
line-height:115%;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:11.0pt;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]--><br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-18186228173042685242013-04-11T11:09:00.000-07:002013-04-11T11:09:49.178-07:00"Baby"; I can't pee!!!!<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYj-5HQV72oKNgZFX3NVpI-CLlOH_K5rx3eZK3HApyAC5hioWWu994pSnJc5Sh7E7_EjONTol-GydyZ0hwz-PYQ-RoWiilAErITqSAYR1uI9ojK2AaO44vY9zIqwryCoGJUG2bO2gib3o/s1600/blocked+goat2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYj-5HQV72oKNgZFX3NVpI-CLlOH_K5rx3eZK3HApyAC5hioWWu994pSnJc5Sh7E7_EjONTol-GydyZ0hwz-PYQ-RoWiilAErITqSAYR1uI9ojK2AaO44vY9zIqwryCoGJUG2bO2gib3o/s320/blocked+goat2.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">"Baby" still a little sleepy from anesthesia</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">“Baby” came to see me on Monday. He is an 8 year old, castrated,
male goat, that was shivering, reluctant to stand up and would not eat. His
owner is also a veterinarian, but works mostly on small animals and did not
feel comfortable diagnosing and treating her own pet. When “Baby” arrived at
the clinic, he was standing, had a temperature of 101F and was shivering. His
stomach was working well and his heart and lungs sounded normal. During his
physical exam, I heard him grinding his teeth, which is a common sign of pain
in animals, as is shivering.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After
discussion with the owner, and further assessment of “Baby,” we determined he
was “blocked.” This means he has urinary stones or “calculi”, which have
blocked the urethra, and prevented him from urinating. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNq5KHAIg_t77OOhF70r8QXW2GscvRXiFXuafUpJR1wERN52uI2bRlMGToPZf6QRYfwCAKyy_tolRitPz0adRBHIPlvzmAzxjAI1ERHmASmHwGlUzgDL0HeYryLYcLqLz3rhGpajRHuNs/s1600/goat+penis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNq5KHAIg_t77OOhF70r8QXW2GscvRXiFXuafUpJR1wERN52uI2bRlMGToPZf6QRYfwCAKyy_tolRitPz0adRBHIPlvzmAzxjAI1ERHmASmHwGlUzgDL0HeYryLYcLqLz3rhGpajRHuNs/s320/goat+penis.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Urolithiasis (urine stones) is a severe, painful emergency
situation. If the calculi are not cleared from the urethra, the urine backs up,
can cause damage to the urethra, and if there is enough urine in the bladder,
can even cause the bladder to rupture. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The penis of a male goat (buck) is similar to
a male sheep (ram), but is very different from cows, horses, pigs, dogs and
cats. Over to the side, is a picture of a male goat penis. The urethral
process (#2 in the picture) is very small and is often the site of obstruction
in blocked goats. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The presence of
testosterone in intact, male goats allows for adequate development of the
urethra from the bladder to the end of the urethral process. When male goats
are castrated at a very young age, the urethra is not as developed therefore
predisposing a wether (castrated male) to blockage. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many times we recommend our goat clients to
feed a urine acidifier along with the hay and grain. Ammonium chloride is the
most common urine acidifier used, and it drops the pH of the urine to
slow/prevent the formation of stones. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">So after I diagnosed “Baby” with a urinary tract blockage it
was time to have a discussion with the owner as to our next step. The most
common first step to correcting the issue is to cut off the urethral process of
the penis.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Many times, this is enough to
provide immediate relief. We do not have an X-ray machine at the clinic, so I
was not able to take a radiograph of the goat to see if there were more stones
in the bladder.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We decided we would
start with removal of the urethral process and if this did not solve the issue,
then we would need to open up the abdomen, and the bladder, to try to flush out
the stones with a catheter. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">“Baby” was sedated with an injectable anesthetic. Because
this is a very painful situation, the injectable sedation was not sufficient.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We also have a gas anesthesia machine at the
clinic, so we completely anesthetized him with gas to perform the
procedure.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After a little bit of effort,
we were able to exteriorize the penis and cut off the urethral process.
Immediately we were getting a steady stream of urine. Based on the apparent
relief, we woke “Baby” up and did not proceed with the much more invasive
procedure.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As soon as he was awake
enough, he started chewing his cud; a much better sign than grinding his
teeth!!! <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv0bd1XOW4b1dsEY-ZylO9eh0xZQjQPiNG72YpWbq9HYjlw3uAg4kWR9KUp_Oft-O-u2AGwq5oqHW6VtSk1MaVBFjlFvbXbFI7SEw5QllD1gk1P-zaUdLlfp2feWoFOQBKsE54QIqJ43A/s1600/blocked+goat.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiv0bd1XOW4b1dsEY-ZylO9eh0xZQjQPiNG72YpWbq9HYjlw3uAg4kWR9KUp_Oft-O-u2AGwq5oqHW6VtSk1MaVBFjlFvbXbFI7SEw5QllD1gk1P-zaUdLlfp2feWoFOQBKsE54QIqJ43A/s400/blocked+goat.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The picture is of the urethral process that I cut off.
You can see on the right hand side of the picture, a reddened portion of the
urethral process. This is most likely where the blockage was. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Baby” was sent home with a prescription of
urine acidifier, pain medication and antibiotics. Hopefully he has no further
issues and neither do the other 4 wethers on the farm!!!!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-32593656850182028392013-04-04T15:07:00.000-07:002013-04-04T15:07:04.940-07:00My Week in Review: Feeling like "Dr. Death."<br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The last week has been a rough one for my own confidence as
a veterinarian. Don't let any vet fool you, we all have these days/weeks. Usually they are few and far between. There isn’t a particular case that stands out, so I thought I
would just review my calls since last Thursday’s post. Brace yourself.... <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Friday:</strong> I had two smaller herd checks that went off without
a hitch. </span><span style="font-family: Wingdings; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-char-type: symbol; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-char-type: symbol; mso-symbol-font-family: Wingdings;">J</span></span><span style="font-family: Calibri;">
Then I had a call for a cow with a right sided DA. Upon examining this cow, her
manure was very dark, almost black, and pasty and she truly did have a right
DA. When cows have very dark, pasty manure, we often think of bleeding stomach
ulcers. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The digested blood in the
manure, make the appearance of black manure. Based on all her physical exam
findings, I recommended that she be euthanized or sold for slaughter
immediately as she was a very poor surgical candidate. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Saturday:</strong> I was on call over the Easter weekend and only had
two calls on Saturday. Thank goodness! One was for a cow with nervous ketosis.
I’ve talked about ketosis in a previous post. But a quick review… When cows are
in a negative energy balance, which is very common post calving, they start to
break down fat to supply the body with the energy it needs. Through this
process ketone bodies are formed. Now the brain needs sugar and cannot use
ketones for an energy source. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Certain
cases of severe ketosis result in “Nervous ketosis.” These cows are exhibiting
neurologic signs because they brain has been deprived of sugar. They start to
lick walls, are unsteady when walking, will press their head into a corner and
do all sorts of other crazy things that make you think she is drunk.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This cow had a baby two days prior and was
exhibiting these crazy neurologic signs. Her treatment was dextrose in the
vein, with Vitamin B complex added, calcium, and dexamethasone. The steroid
(dexamethasone) injection is to help stimulate the liver in the process of
gluconeogenesis (sugar formation).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
farmers were then instructed to continue her treatment with propylene glycol,
orally, for the next couple days.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Usually these cows respond well. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> I tried to find a video of a nervous ketosis cow to show you, and this was the only one I could find. It's not the greatest, but gives you an idea. <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fN9H3oBHiP0" target="_blank">Nervous Ketosis Cow</a></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The second call was for another right DA.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This cow was in much better shape than the
cow on Friday so I performed surgery on her, which I thought was routine and
went well for a RDA surgery. (Don’t forget about her, I’ll be coming back to
her….)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Sunday:</strong> My parents decided to come down for Easter dinner,
so I had the ham all set to go in the oven at 10am when the pager went
off.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was for YET ANOTHER right DA
down in Massachusetts! <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Rather than the
ham going in the oven, it went in the crockpot and off I went for the lovely
hour drive south.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again this cow’s
surgery went well and I was able to get back home and finish making dinner
before my parents arrived. Thankfully the rest of the day was quiet.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Monday:</strong><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two herd
checks.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first herd check had
complaints of all their baby calves dying within a week after birth. Almost
always, calf issues come back to cleanliness of the milk and the equipment
(buckets, bottles, etc) feeding the calves. All the calves are fed from one cow
on this farm so we thought we better start with the source- her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We took a sample of her milk and cultured it
on growth media in our lab. Sure enough, there were “too numerous to count” (TNTC)
bacteria in the sample.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After discussion
with the farmer, they decided to sell the cow and start using a different cow
for the calf milk. We shall see if this improves the situation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Tuesday:</strong><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My big herd
check day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’m usually on this farm for
3-4 hours a week.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I was done with herd
check around 11 and called into the office to see what other sick cow calls we
had holding. The only call was for another possible DA cow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This client’s farm is another good hour away
from the clinic so I again headed south.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The cow was further along in lactation and did not actually have a DA.
Instead, I think she ended up with a bad chunk of feed and had indigestion. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her treatment was “pink pills” (essentially pepto
bismol) and time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She should be just
fine. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">At about 3pm an emergency call came in. This was for a beef
cow with a prolapsed uterus. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I know I need
to discuss this in more depth and promise I will at some point. I am just
waiting for one where I actually remember to take a picture. Anyway, in this
area, the wind was BRUTAL on Tuesday. It was about 35-40 degrees out, but with
the wind, I’m not sure it felt much above 10 degrees.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Of course, this beef cow is outside and the
client just happens to live on top of a mountain. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was not a good situation. The owner had
been at the state department of agriculture all morning for a meeting and the
cow had prolapsed at some point while she was gone. She was not sure how long
the uterus had been out, but she was willing to try for the cow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The uterus was very friable, edematous and
the tip of it was actually white from lack of blood supply. I gave a valiant
effort, but too much time had passed and I advised immediate euthanasia of the
cow. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And now begins my feeling of being “Dr.
Death- the bearer of bad news.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Wednesday:</strong><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Two more
herd checks. On the first farm, there were a batch of calves that did not get
dehorned when they were little. I’m not 100% sure of the reason they were
missed, but either way, they were so now I get to take them off when they are
much bigger.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I had a student riding with
me that day which was a great learning experience for her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We spent a couple hours dehorning heifers,
which is a great workout to say the least. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The arteries that supply the horns are even
more present in older animals, than in younger. As you remove the horn they
begin spurting everywhere until you can get the cauterized.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So, needless to say, after about doing 15
animals (30 horns), I had blood spatter, all over and was feeling like I better
not get pulled over or go into any Stewart’s shops or someone will arrest me
thinking I just murdered someone/something. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When I called in to
the office, I learned of yet ANOTHER RDA. I’m not sure what is going on with
the feed, or the sun or the moon these last two weeks, but there has been a
ridiculous amount of RDAs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I get to the
farm and immediately find the cow that is sick. I can tell the abomasum has
twisted and rotated on itself causing a torsion and the cow seemed to be
getting bigger as I stood there. As I’ve mentioned before, RDAs are a bit more
of an emergency than LDAs and as the stomach rotates around itself, it cuts off
blood supply, acts like an osmotic gradient and starts to fill with fluid,
rapidly dehydrating the cow. The owner still wanted me to try surgery.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was a disaster. The stomach had been cut
off from blood supply for too long, was friable and the abomasum was full of
fluid. I was able to get the abomasum unturned, but was not able to correctly
fix the situation. I closed her up and suggested she be euthanized as the
surgery failed. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXSfDiN88hW7kD9O0hYqas99p8GSimQKP30rFAVvS7w4Nwz0MmF7b_qqBFpSUd7vD1Zg-kuRJisImCJwvl8-WOtUcu2cNtzx1eAX3Kx0p0VG0V2-s7UELbZhFEVBbbKjrgNuzR8cx6PDU/s1600/umbilical-cord.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXSfDiN88hW7kD9O0hYqas99p8GSimQKP30rFAVvS7w4Nwz0MmF7b_qqBFpSUd7vD1Zg-kuRJisImCJwvl8-WOtUcu2cNtzx1eAX3Kx0p0VG0V2-s7UELbZhFEVBbbKjrgNuzR8cx6PDU/s1600/umbilical-cord.jpg" height="320" width="273" /></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">He then had me look at a second cow with an LDA that I was
also going to perform surgery on.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her
surgery went a little better, but still not as flawless as I would like. When
cows are in-utero, the umbilicus is comprised of three vessels. One of these
goes to the liver ("a" in the figure), while the other two("b" in the figure) go to the bladder.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After a calf is born, these vessels no longer
function for blood circulation. The two that went to the bladder become
ligaments of the bladder, while the one that goes to the liver becomes the “falciform
ligament.” Many times as cows get older the falciform ligament essentially
disappears.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This was a first calf heifer
and her falciform ligament was still very present. This was causing issues when
I was trying to correct the DA. As I try to pull the abomasum from the left
side of the cow, down along the body wall and up to the right side, it kept
catching on this ligament. I was able to suture only the omentum (the
connective tissue of the intestines) rather than the actual abomasum
itself.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It may be just fine, but when
you only tack the omentum, there is still a chance that she will get another DA
sooner than later, as the omentum is not as strong as the actual stomach
lining. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">From there I had to go look at two more sick cows. One of
which had ulcers and the other appeared to be shutting down. Her manure was
very yellow, her body temperature was subnormal and she looked very sick. I
could not find an obvious reason for her state, and therefore had little to
suggest to the farmer to help her out. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her recommendation, again, was slaughter.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Finally, I received a call from the farmer from Saturday.
His cow had the right DA.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I had been
talking to him throughout the week and it seemed as though the cow would perk
up, do really well, then crash again. By Wednesday, he thought he was hearing
another right DA. I thought I better check her out so headed his direction.
Sure enough, the first surgery had failed and I had to repeat it.
Unfortunately, you can’t just open the cow up through the same incision.
Instead, I had to tip her upsidedown, on her back and perform surgery on her
underside, rather than performing it standing. The surgery seemed to go fine
and I haven’t heard from him today, so hopefully no news is good news.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">After Tuesday and Wednesday, I felt like my only recommendation
was euthanasia on more cows than I was saving; hence the “Dr. Death.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>You’d think that dealing with euthanasia and these
death sentences would get easier with time. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As part of “self-preservation” you will hear
many veterinarians say they have to separate themselves from it. It doesn’t
mean we can’t be compassionate, and that it doesn’t affect us, it does. It is a
great responsibility to recommend putting an animal out of suffering and I’m
glad I can give animals that liberation, but it doesn’t make it easy and it
certainly isn’t fun.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Next week is
another week. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-46109758656216544542013-03-28T14:13:00.003-07:002013-03-28T14:13:53.221-07:00Bloody Noses and Fevers
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I’ve been working on a case for the last couple weeks on a
farm that seems to be having some respiratory issues. The milkers have noticed
several cows that have come into the milking parlor with bloody noses. One cow
was described as having a “foul smell” to the nasal discharge while the others
seem to be more just blood tinged mucous.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>I hope by now, you’ve all learned to not eat while you are reading my
posts…. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4B8rMzyfgs0pQuw6NXp4MAO3saXD5hrdYga_pAOrJAbcE5oZYerFlIsCD-LyYhQ0vXuWokbR0jcGfvxq2xcCaYb7MK6YiTnrJhT__6KXi5HkP9KUmcttPbwerDcLzBqtBM69NLZaINPc/s1600/023.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4B8rMzyfgs0pQuw6NXp4MAO3saXD5hrdYga_pAOrJAbcE5oZYerFlIsCD-LyYhQ0vXuWokbR0jcGfvxq2xcCaYb7MK6YiTnrJhT__6KXi5HkP9KUmcttPbwerDcLzBqtBM69NLZaINPc/s1600/023.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The picture is one of the aforementioned cows.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The herdsman has also been concerned with
several “first calf heifers” that have been spiking temperatures of 104-106 F, about
1 week after calving.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They are down on
milk, not eating like they should, but seem to respond to anti-inflammatories
and antibiotics.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Let me pause to explain to those who may not know what a “first
calf heifer” is. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A “first calf heifer“ is
a cow that has had her very first baby.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In the dairy industry we use this term very frequently.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We still call her a “heifer” because she is
still growing and has not yet reached her full mature cow size.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We call her a “first calf heifer” because she
just had her first baby and has entered her first lactation.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cows will continue to grow to mature size
until they are about 3-4 years old.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They
have reached sexual maturity, at 1 year of age, and therefore we breed them to
have their first baby by the age of 2, but not physical maturity until 3-4. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ok, back to the case.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>So upon physical exam of these animals, I’ve noticed some clear nasal
discharge (a good thing), normal temperatures, normal stomach movement, heart
and lung sounds, normal manure and uterus discharge; pretty much completely
normal physical exam for a fresh cow (new mom).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>So now what???<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">In veterinary school we often heard the phrase; “If you hear
hoof beats, think horses, not zebras.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>In my world, this means, if it looks like a duck, quacks like a duck and
walks like a duck, it’s probably a duck!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>So, when I see bloody noses in cows, my first thought is usually; “did
they have a lung abscess/hematoma that popped from a previous pneumonia event?”
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My second thought is “did someone hit
them with the skid steer pushing up feed?” If the answer to the first two
questions is no, then I turn to the zebras, the very important <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><u><span style="color: red;"><strong>DO NOT FORGET ABOUT</strong></span></u></i> zebras, such as
Foot and Mouth Disease, Bluetongue and other foreign animal diseases that must
be reported to the state veterinarian, resulting in a very fast quarantine and Plum
Island certified veterinarians taking samples. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> EEEEEEEEKKKK!!! </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-KtAEejYalXo45me5P7i06MqjUMxEGM_BOfRzjwDf92jeXXBQ8bqzRkeX_HxL6mNPbk5O9x4jlixr2GLzi1NXuk8SlMV9JpMOuZCYziUwdtwv5PcPGckLLBGqtSbNKMNY-sfAVHEhSwc/s1600/021.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-KtAEejYalXo45me5P7i06MqjUMxEGM_BOfRzjwDf92jeXXBQ8bqzRkeX_HxL6mNPbk5O9x4jlixr2GLzi1NXuk8SlMV9JpMOuZCYziUwdtwv5PcPGckLLBGqtSbNKMNY-sfAVHEhSwc/s1600/021.JPG" height="320" width="240" /></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">To see one cow with a bloody nose is not really a big deal, and
almost always, I chalk it up to a lung abscess that blew. But, this farmer gave
me 4 cows with bloody noses. After discussing with the other veterinarians in
the practice, I decided it was best to take blood samples to submit to the lab.
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When we pull these blood samples, we
usually have to wait two weeks and then pull another sample called a “convalescent
sample”. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These blood samples get sent to the lab to
check for antibody titers to various common respiratory diseases. Taking two
samples, two weeks apart, allows us to see if the cows antibody response to the
virus has come down as the cow’s body starts to deal with the virus. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">A normal cow’s temperature ranges from 100-102.8 F.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When they have temperatures as high as 105-106
F we often think immediately of viruses. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Bacterial infections will raise a cow’s
temperature, but usually not as high as a virus will.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>These
high temperatures along with other cows in the herd having bloody noses in the
barn were most likely due to one of the 5 or 6 bugs associated with pneumonia in
cattle, also known as Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex, or BRD. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>When I received my finalized report for the
first round on blood samples taken, it looked as though these cows have a few
different bugs they are dealing with. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The first bug is “Coronavirus.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Coronavirus (Corona) is an old bug in a new form.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>More commonly Corona is known to cause
diarrhea in baby calves and winter dysentery in adult cows. It’s one of the
bugs that are always around in cattle and when we go looking for it, we find
it. To help a newborn calf deal with Corona, we vaccinate mom when she is very
pregnant and starting to make her colostrum. This way, the calf will hopefully receive
the protection it needs as starts life.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It is recently starting to show up in multiple cases of respiratory
disease in cattle of all ages. Unfortunately the vaccine used to prevent
diarrhea in baby calves, has not been seen to help much with adult cows with
the respiratory form of the disease.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>There is lots of money going into research on corona and how it plays
along with the other common bugs associated with BRD in cattle.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The other bug that seemed to be mucking the waters was IBR,
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
actual virus that causes IBR is Bovine Herpes Virus-1. This is another common
bug found in the BRD complex in cattle. There are several good vaccines on the
market for IBR and although these respiratory vaccines may not <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">prevent</i> the disease, they certainly lessen
the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">severity</i> of the disease. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>For this particular
herd, we may need to re-evaluate the vaccination protocol to see how we can
help booster the first calf heifers’ immune systems.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cow’s that just had a baby need to have as
smooth a transition into being a milking cow as possible, and having high
fevers and dealing with pneumonia is something that definitely sets them
back.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All the cows pictured are doing
just fine and the cows that had high fevers are doing much better. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We continue to monitor temperatures and look
for bloody noses and hopefully as the outside temperature starts to steady, so
will the cows! <o:p></o:p></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com69tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-77972686210751243692013-03-21T11:16:00.000-07:002013-03-21T11:16:29.506-07:00Toxo and Karma
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Where do I even start for this post????? These last two
weeks have seemed a bit crazy. But, as I think back on any previous week, they all
seem to be that way….<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I worked a short
week last week, as I took a mini-vacation to Georgia, to meet my newest
nephew.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was a whirlwind trip, too
short, but oh so worth it! Before I left, I had to cram all my herd checks into
the shortened week and as usual, pick up any sick cow calls for the day.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">One of the calls was for a herd of sheep. This is a new herd
that was co-mingled from 3 different herds. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As previously mentioned, it is lambing season
and about a third of the 40 ewes had already lambed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This shepherd was having trouble because there
were two first time ewes that each had lambed with twin, dead lambs.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The ewes were completely normal and didn’t
seem to miss a beat. But finding dead lambs was a bit alarming to the owner. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">If there were only one set of dead twins, it would not be as
alarming, and we probably wouldn’t perform a bunch of diagnostics to figure out
the cause of the dead twins. However, with two sets of dead lambs, and several
other lambs since, that have been born alive but have soon thereafter died, we
decided it was best to send samples in to the diagnostic lab. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A complete “abort panel” costs about $500 for
just the testing alone, not to mention my time and costs associated with
examining the ewes, the farm and preparing the samples.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Due to the significant cost, I spoke with a
pathologist at the lab, and we decided to test for only the most probable
causes. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The samples we must submit are
blood from the ewe, a piece of placenta, and various samples from the dead lamb
such as: heart, lung, liver, spleen, adrenal glands, kidneys, skin, stomach
contents and blood. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRgTYj7yb31WCHfE-qDw4vFcg_ZSRnMPoz3cFtJ1NZfOvNxJXCmczMfDNBRv1uNUNweNZloBaJ0HA0WUmUhUzNcA5qtoFImT-xuwjGpXdEtPOzHDNRYDEhqKUxdabrfOoFZBvcQh-hYwc/s1600/toxo.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRgTYj7yb31WCHfE-qDw4vFcg_ZSRnMPoz3cFtJ1NZfOvNxJXCmczMfDNBRv1uNUNweNZloBaJ0HA0WUmUhUzNcA5qtoFImT-xuwjGpXdEtPOzHDNRYDEhqKUxdabrfOoFZBvcQh-hYwc/s1600/toxo.png" height="195" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Toxoplama gondii</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I’m still waiting on the histopathology report (microscopic
evaluation of the tissues), to support the blood findings, but the blood from
the ewe came back positive for toxoplasmosis. This is a disease that is
commonly carried by cats. It is a protozoa that is found in the feces of cats
and is zoonotic (transmissible from animals to humans).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Contamination of the sheep feed with cat
feces is usually how the disease is spread.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Growing up we always had “barn cats” and loved playing with them. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It wasn’t until vet school that I understood
why having barn cats really wasn’t the best idea from a disease transmission
standpoint.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Most farms don’t have litter
boxes for the cats; instead the cats usually use bedding, hay or even silage for their
litter boxes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> T</span>his is precisely how sheep can
end up getting toxoplasmosis.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is
treatable, and this farm has begun treatments for the sheep as I continue to
wait on the lab for a final report of their findings. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">I felt like this week
was also<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“Beat up Dr. Telgen week.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’m not sure I ever really believed in karma,
but the more I work in this field, the more real it seems.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">The first day back from my mini-vacation, we had a meeting
at 7am to discuss a new insurance policy that the clinic will be participating
in, from there the day was shaping up to be a doozy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I had 6 bulls that had to be examined to get
ready to go to the bull stud.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Because so
much of the dairy industry uses artificial insemination as a means to get cows
pregnant, there is quite a demand for genetically superior bulls to contribute
to the gene pool.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Based on DNA
evaluation, bull studs will select the animals that they want from a particular
farm. These bulls will then go to the bull stud at an early age, to finish being
raised, and start the semen collection process.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Before they go, the herd veterinarian must do a “pre-screening” to make
sure there are no contagious diseases on the animal, no heart murmurs, respiratory
disease, lameness due to poor conformation, abnormalities in the reproductive
organs of the bulls and some blood testing for various transmissible diseases. Once cleared, a health certificate is made, and
they are on their way to the bull stud. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">After checking these bulls, I had physical exams to perform,
some more blood testing and health charts to do on animals going to a sale.
Then, I had two herd checks and 4 DA’s to cut.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The second DA patient seemed a bit more high-strung than the
other cows. Even though we sedate them, if they are the least bit worked up before
we even start, the sedation can be counteracted by adrenaline.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This particular cow did not even like me
clipping her, and decided to let me know it with a kick to the shins.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Now this isn’t the first, nor the last time,
that I’ve been kicked, but regardless, it’s always a surprise and still leaves
a mark. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The bruise is now starting to
show its lovely colors and is still a little tender to the touch. If the kick
was the only wound of the week, I wouldn’t complain and sound like such a wimp,
but then Wednesday happened. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrn-2YCZw0v_RyRpNQ8mW3prm0rzh-0Tqltt2pRrOPAiwDBtOC5lq_dWG5NkJJtxx1tXbSbIpVzcQvkZ-DiWy2gOudNPPjh7ukm4HZIDTMXhu0AxqnyBcBz3ia-tWSH5wiXKZnDlHnrQ8/s1600/0321130849.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrn-2YCZw0v_RyRpNQ8mW3prm0rzh-0Tqltt2pRrOPAiwDBtOC5lq_dWG5NkJJtxx1tXbSbIpVzcQvkZ-DiWy2gOudNPPjh7ukm4HZIDTMXhu0AxqnyBcBz3ia-tWSH5wiXKZnDlHnrQ8/s1600/0321130849.jpg" height="320" width="240" /></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">About 3pm I get a call for a calving.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is on a farm that handles most of the
calvings themselves, so you know when they call; it’s going to be bad. This was
an older cow that had a broken tail head.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>So right where the top of her back meet her tail, it was broken down
into the birth canal, making for little room for the calf to come out. To top
it off, the calf was HUGE.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It was alive
when I arrived. When we were discussing our options, the herdsman said that the
cow was a priority and the calf was not.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>This is never an easy thing to make a decision on, but based on the
situation, we decided to try to save the cow.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Instead of doing a C-section, we were going to perform a fetotomy, which
is cutting the calf out in pieces.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
wire we use is a cutting wire, so to try to get the wire positioned in a very
small space with a very large calf and my own arms, is quite a feat.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>My hands and arms show the battle wounds.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I always laugh when people ask me if I want a
manicure to go with my pedicure. These hands are working hands, and not made to
look pretty…. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">This was a mess of a calving. I ended up calling
in another veterinarian to help as my arms were so fatigued from making the
first three cuts.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The calf was just
huge, the cow’s uterus had started to close down on the calf, and there was
little room to do much of anything.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The
only part left to get out was the hips. Now, I’m not a short person, and the
farmer and the other veterinarian helping, are all at least 5’10,” so length of
arms was not an issue. Unfortunately with the uterus clamped so tightly down on
the calf and the cow being so big, we were unable to even reach the hips to
pass the cutting wire around it. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We tried all the tricks we knew of, from
trying to prolapse the uterus, pumping water into it to “float” the hips back
to us, but all to no avail.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After 4.5
hours of trying, we decided we weren’t making any progress and it was time to
call it quits. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The cow was eating and
drinking by the time we left last night, but a call to the herdsman this
morning revealed that the cow had died overnight as well.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is only so much a cow can take, and
although we really try our best, sometimes we lose it all. </span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-57597432507573590392013-03-06T12:32:00.000-08:002013-03-06T12:32:20.703-08:00It's not ALL Work....<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">T</span>his past week I had
the pleasure of attending the 2<sup><span style="font-size: x-small;">nd</span></sup> annual “Milk Lovers Ball.” This is
a new event that the Tri-Country Holstein club has put on to raise money for
various scholarships and events. Last year they raised $4000+ for farmers that
suffered from Hurricane Irene. This year there were two women that were very
involved in the agriculture community that died suddenly and unexpectedly over
the last year. One woman died from a very aggressive brain tumor and the other
from spinal meningitis. The money raised at this year’s event is being used to
create two one year scholarships in each of these women’s name. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">The agriculture
community is a tight-knit community, so it’s really great for clients,
nutritionists, financial lenders, veterinarians and other people from various
aspects of the agriculture community to get together and socialize.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We had a wonderful dinner and music from a
live band. There was also a raffle with lots of wonderful gift baskets filled
with gift certificates for golf, dinner, hairdos, jewelry, wine and more!!! The
best part was I actually won one! (I never win anything, so I was quite
excited!) </span></span></div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQfGzNtXRPfZyenZ3Sefef9WiTZWa0GWIYchOV_lQwfKl5keJQNZ4sucVX3-X6ao3_0Y3qsOkm92MuF7X86doeC6rLD-DK95GcZlC_bqpIWVrFO0aXvq-ScxtZQ4qU13F6VI0Vy1Zf0BM/s1600/photo+(1)+-+Copy.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQfGzNtXRPfZyenZ3Sefef9WiTZWa0GWIYchOV_lQwfKl5keJQNZ4sucVX3-X6ao3_0Y3qsOkm92MuF7X86doeC6rLD-DK95GcZlC_bqpIWVrFO0aXvq-ScxtZQ4qU13F6VI0Vy1Zf0BM/s1600/photo+(1)+-+Copy.JPG" height="320" width="244" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Gift Basket I won</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">It may seem weird
that as a professional you become friends with your clients. In the agriculture
community, this is quite common. Everyone has the same interests and love for an industry
that works so hard for so little.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We all
work together to achieve the same goal. So, maybe no gory pictures or heroic-sounding
stories this week. Instead we showered, shaved, maybe donned a little make-up
and traded out our barn boots and coveralls for dancing shoes! Just a taste of
what life outside of being covered in manure, blood and guts, is like! </span></span><br />
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_FvKNlIh8kNR0WGMPUt6Ank20M1hSRkkISX3-SVQkTarfhyEKR-AeNILFIdMpplt3W55WKxTWCdVI3zeIAXtTcGdsYRkZ88GbzDTP0ErwuFPY_U8IjDbPEZodYQoGMXLksoygUbu7uOs/s1600/DSC00341.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_FvKNlIh8kNR0WGMPUt6Ank20M1hSRkkISX3-SVQkTarfhyEKR-AeNILFIdMpplt3W55WKxTWCdVI3zeIAXtTcGdsYRkZ88GbzDTP0ErwuFPY_U8IjDbPEZodYQoGMXLksoygUbu7uOs/s1600/DSC00341.JPG" height="275" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Myself and Friends</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span></span> </div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-45991948371196702632013-02-28T16:35:00.000-08:002013-02-28T16:36:22.142-08:00Vets Don't Always Know!<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">I had a couple
strange cases over the last week or so. The first case was a group of heifers
that escaped the fenced in pasture. They spent the night gallivanting around
the neighborhood before being rounded up in the morning by the farmer. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There were about 20-30 animals in the group.
One animal was found dead in front of a near-by hardware store. Once the farmer
had put them all back in the pasture and fixed the fence, he went about his
morning routine of preparing their feed. As he was driving the tractor down the
feed alley, delivering the feed, two more animals, standing side by side,
dropped dead. Strange, and upsetting to say the least. He called us to perform
a necropsy on the two that died at the feed bunk. A necropsy is the animal term
for an “autopsy.” We perform necropsies on a pretty regular basis for
situations where there is more than one animal dying. I’ve spared you the
pictures of them, since there really is no pretty way to perform a necropsy. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">We start by laying
the animal on its left side so the giant rumen is not the only thing you see
when you open up the abdominal cavity. An overall evaluation of the animal from
the outside is done to check for blood coming out the nose, bloating, broken
skin, etc. We then cut back the front and back leg, allowing access to the
abdominal and chest cavity. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Trying not
to puncture any intestines or stomach compartments, we check the abdominal
organs for any discolorations, twists, bumps, lumps or blockages, etc. Then we
move on to the chest cavity, to evaluate the heart, lungs and rib cage. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As in this case, there were no obvious signs
of cause of death. Samples can be taken to be sent to the lab for various tests
such as bacteriology and virology. Also, they can be then checked by a
pathologist under the microscope for any cellular changes. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">As I said, there
were no obvious signs for cause of death in these cases. The farmer was
concerned about something they could have eaten that caused toxicity. The
stomach contents looked normal to me, and without at least an idea of what they
could have gotten into, it’s really an expensive wild goose chase to just
submit samples for anything and everything. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I presume these heifers may have suffered from
a heart attack or exhaustion. Cows are not racehorses by any stretch of the
means. I didn’t have a definite answer for the farmer, and also didn’t feel
that sending samples in, for a few hundred dollars, would result in a definite
cause either.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It’s very frustrating for
all involved. As the farmer, he just lost $3000 and some quality animals for
his farm and as a veterinarian, who is supposed to have answers, I don’t. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">My second case was
a cow that was fresh about a week and was off feed. Normally these cows are our
typical DA cows. However, upon her physical exam, I found a normal temperature,
normal heart and lung sounds and a slow moving stomach. The cow was also
ketotic. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<a data-ved="0CAUQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=zvauG_eYVynBXM&tbnid=fuNo4uOQlbhhKM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vetone.net%2Fpharmaceuticals.html&ei=ZPYvUZW6FIq30gGT9YHQAg&bvm=bv.43148975,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNGd8gGeg6EDghmkzAYZSIsqt5t01g&ust=1362184157531616" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px currentColor; clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img src="http://www.vetone.net/images/pharmaceuticals/propylene_glycol.jpg" height="200" id="irc_mi" style="cursor: move; margin-top: 108px;" unselectable="on" width="133" /></a><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ketosis is common
in cows that are in a negative energy balance, which means that can’t eat
enough to meet the energy demands their body is requiring. So, the body breaks
down fat, and through the Krebs Cycle, produces ketones. Unfortunately the
brain cannot use ketones for energy- it must have sugar. A cow with ketosis is
very inefficiently providing the body with energy and can become very sick if
not supplied proper sugar. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>We often
supplement ketotic cows with dextrose in the vein. This is like eating a lot of
candy. The blood sugar increases rapidly, but then will crash about 30 minutes
later. Propylene Glycol is another energy source that we give to cows that is a
more prolonged and sustained blood sugar increase.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Glycol is something that we can give orally.
This cow had already received two doses of glycol.</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a data-ved="0CAUQjRw" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=L6K3g0udSJyaIM&tbnid=dZQotR80bgMtFM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Flivestockconcepts.com%2Fen%2Fstomach-pumps%2F751-magrath-stomach-pump.html&ei=HfcvUZOZBuLH0QHa24CADw&bvm=bv.43148975,d.dmQ&psig=AFQjCNHmxfC9H0bdLCZDRHSsEIfzAnMlpA&ust=1362184342377495" id="irc_mil" style="border: 0px currentColor; clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img src="http://livestockconcepts.com/751-1299-large/magrath-stomach-pump.jpg" height="300" id="irc_mi" style="margin-top: 108px;" width="300" /></a><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">As I mentioned,
this cows stomach was also moving really slowly.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I decided to pump her stomach with an energy
mix, to help fill the rumen and provide the bugs in the rumen with some
microbes and feed to start working better.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>It’s very important that when you pass a tube down the cows stomach,
that you are 100% sure the tube went down her esophagus rather than her
trachea. If you pump 10 gallons of fluid down the trachea of a cow, you will
have a dead cow within minutes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I double
and triple checked my tube placement before I started pumping the fluid in. The
cow doesn’t particularly like the feeling of a tube stuck down her throat so
they like to chew on it, burp up what is going down and throw their head around
a bit. This cow was doing all that. She started breathing really heavy and
seemed to start bloating all at the same time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Being worried I did get into her lungs, I checked AGAIN. Still I knew I
was in the stomach.</span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"></span></span> </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Normally cows will
take 10 gallons of fluid with no problems. This cow was having a hard time. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>After the fluid was in her stomach and I was
able to see how bloated she was, I passed a different tube to release the
gas/air that she had accumulated. As I’ve mentioned before, when cows bloat, it
puts lots of pressure on their lungs and makes breathing difficult. This cow
was no different.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>She appeared in respiratory
distress. I was able to relieve some of the gas.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Again, I’m not sure what was wrong with her.
I suspect she had some nerve damage, or old scaring from pneumonia that may
have placed some stricture on the stomach. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Her stomach was not moving things through like
they normally should.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Frustration again
as being the doctor, I’m supposed to have an answer, and I don’t. This cow was
acting really weird and there was nothing I thought I could do.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I had some calves to look at on the same farm,
and by the time I was done with them, I went back to check on her. She had
calmed down and was picking at some of the hay in front of her.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I have not heard back from the farmer to know
how she is doing now. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">I’m sure with time;
I will gain experience and may have a better answer for these weird cases. But
for now, it’s frustration. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>As the
doctor, the farmer expects you to know. I’d rather be honest with the farmer
and tell him I don’t know, than make up some random far-fetched explanation. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<img src="http://www.vetone.net/images/pharmaceuticals/propylene_glycol.jpg" height="96" style="filter: alpha(opacity=30); left: 592px; opacity: 0.3; position: absolute; top: 766px;" width="64" />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7324126964010870833.post-29257601221779925162013-02-21T14:35:00.000-08:002013-02-21T17:04:06.397-08:00Debunking the "Evils" of "Factory" Farming<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">Last week was one of my heavier weeks as far as herd checks
go. I had herd checks on 10 different farms, a few DAs to do, a few other sick
cows to look at and a couple of sick calves. It was a pretty routine week for
me, but as I was considering what to write about this week, I realized that
most of the farms I was on this week, would be considered “Factory Farms” in
the general public’s eyes.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is the
most frequently used and most flawed description of agriculture I have yet to
come across in over 30 years of being in agriculture. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
Just to see what is out there, I googled “What is a factory
farm?” The first hit was a very popular Animal Rights website.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is a direct quote: <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">“A factory farm is a large, industrial operation that
raises large numbers of animals for food. Over 99% of farm animals in the U.S.
are raised in factory farms, which focus on profit and efficiency at the
expense of the animals’ welfare. “<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">So my question is as it relates to the dairy industry:
what is considered large???? 100 cows? 1000? 5000? 10,000? Every single client
of mine, whether they milk 50 cows or 2000 cows, is owned, operated and
managed by one family. So when people use the term “Factory Farm,” realize you
are most likely talking about a “Family Farm.”<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">Website: “Factory farms pack animals into spaces so tight
that most can barely move. Many have no access to the outdoors, spending their
lives on open warehouse floors, or housed in cages or pens. Without the room to
engage in natural behaviors, confined animals experience severe physical and
mental distress.”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1vaWr5wm3coLQ6Jomdm7ElJLVmUIIp61JrGtj2Uc0E94mEBwaB1YGTopiMx1z5_Q5mwExwof_ZbuMJ1vpWea9zblE663TPeap2icJHP0ACDZRAyd2iCK6vz1gfgTlUog38ZqyVaWPU24/s1600/DSC00327.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1vaWr5wm3coLQ6Jomdm7ElJLVmUIIp61JrGtj2Uc0E94mEBwaB1YGTopiMx1z5_Q5mwExwof_ZbuMJ1vpWea9zblE663TPeap2icJHP0ACDZRAyd2iCK6vz1gfgTlUog38ZqyVaWPU24/s1600/DSC00327.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Stalls with deep sand for ample cushioning</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">I’m not sure how many freestall barns members of this animal
rights organization have been in, but I’m in them every day of the week, pretty
much all day long.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cows that live in
barns do spend time on concrete. Many farms put rubber mats down in areas where
cows spend the most time, so that they do have cushioning, while standing. The stalls that are
in the barn are specifically designed by agriculture engineers to best fit the
cows that are in them. They are lined with mattresses (some even have water beds) or deep sand. Cows have ample space in the stalls to stretch out and
sleep comfortably. If a cow gets hungry, she can get up and walk over to the
feed bunk where a completely balanced meal is sitting there ready to eat,
whenever she wants it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The alleys in
these barns provide ample room for cows to meander about and perform natural
socialization behaviors. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_GzsshdRFJea7sHFxop2teAx6fIju3V7LiFoNKMwIeDYC_xpYvofq9vKpzEjgvY635IYqdIoMZbNCal4ZniPKm10pIHz_DbrskLHEf_n3eblbtnChevp_PVQAkGppvtJ9dpwnw2-oaYg/s1600/DSC00330.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_GzsshdRFJea7sHFxop2teAx6fIju3V7LiFoNKMwIeDYC_xpYvofq9vKpzEjgvY635IYqdIoMZbNCal4ZniPKm10pIHz_DbrskLHEf_n3eblbtnChevp_PVQAkGppvtJ9dpwnw2-oaYg/s1600/DSC00330.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">A mountain of fresh, nutritionally balanced food deliverd daily.</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPJcbMRVCKMx0HSe-2lu2D9aum9AiOW8DM5180kstksmEayiWsk_r1T-DPZnU2dCPAl3GyD5xeb2M1pmhuUAyZaJ-DkQa26m_ym5ksaOnIdMYfuKf4SOmLW0X6dp-5ShVs1ceAaqQVjis/s1600/DSC00328.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPJcbMRVCKMx0HSe-2lu2D9aum9AiOW8DM5180kstksmEayiWsk_r1T-DPZnU2dCPAl3GyD5xeb2M1pmhuUAyZaJ-DkQa26m_ym5ksaOnIdMYfuKf4SOmLW0X6dp-5ShVs1ceAaqQVjis/s1600/DSC00328.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Curtains that rise and lower based on outside temps</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">Many freestall barns have curtains on the outside of the
barn that are raised up and lowered, automatically, based on the temperature
outside. Cows are protected from the snow, rain, wind and scorching sun with
these curtains. Many farms even have fans and sprinklers in the barns to try to
keep the cows as cool as possible during the summer.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Cows that are too hot or too cold are
stressed. When cows are stressed, they don’t make milk. It is
<em><strong><u>counter-productive</u></strong></em> for a farmer, to not have their cows as comfortable as
possible, ALL THE TIME!</span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: center;"><tbody><div align="right">
</div>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><div align="right">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHoLinBchHAATkv2sefcz9itnV_Nay4o3hayqu8aYxMIG2bnJXSndttTz5MWNRrmtpco-mma0Q4Aw0k8HVKgtCEfGPq84VNU4VWvMu_O5i9u9nXs1Z4Q6qf6Pr26c1pSzfk6bcTzScg2c/s1600/DSC00326.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHoLinBchHAATkv2sefcz9itnV_Nay4o3hayqu8aYxMIG2bnJXSndttTz5MWNRrmtpco-mma0Q4Aw0k8HVKgtCEfGPq84VNU4VWvMu_O5i9u9nXs1Z4Q6qf6Pr26c1pSzfk6bcTzScg2c/s1600/DSC00326.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
</td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Fans to keep cows cool during hot summer days</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">According to this animal rights organization, there are
several “Standard Factory Farming Practices.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The statements in red are direct quotes from their website. The
statements in black are the truths about agriculture from someone who lives,
works and breathes it every day. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
<i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unclean air:</span></i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Waste piles up in the animal sheds, creating ammonia and dust. The ammonia
irritates and can even burn animals’ eyes, skin and throats.</span></span><br />
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj29-irp0x04WVlpwdn4fqsJFr9MKqCSXQsntPEN_GVuVrsruji4mjlT-cSB_p-SKlHcb75E8L90MBc16RQw0mLukfxcJ4aKFEFEgTv8vBh-tTAzeac7eBMH0Ho45mK5YMHRCKS4KZkL7k/s1600/DSC00329.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj29-irp0x04WVlpwdn4fqsJFr9MKqCSXQsntPEN_GVuVrsruji4mjlT-cSB_p-SKlHcb75E8L90MBc16RQw0mLukfxcJ4aKFEFEgTv8vBh-tTAzeac7eBMH0Ho45mK5YMHRCKS4KZkL7k/s1600/DSC00329.JPG" height="240" width="320" /></a><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">TRUTH: Large farms use alley scrapers, which act as a
squeegee cleaning the manure. These scrapers run continuously so the cows are
rarely walking in their own waste. Farms that do not have alley scrapers use a
tractor to clean the barn every time the cows are out of their pen and at the
milking parlor. This is 2-3 times a day!<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Also, when the cows are out of their pen,
someone is cleaning, scraping and freshening up the stalls in the pen so that
when the cows come back from the parlor, they have a clean place to lie
down.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They get completely new bedding at
least once a week and sometimes up to 3 times a week. Do you wash your sheets 3
times a week???<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unnatural lighting:</span></i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Factory farms simulate unnatural day lengths to promote
fast growth and desired behaviors.<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">TRUTH: There are several studies that have shown that
when <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">milking</i> cows have longer
lighting periods (16 hours of light vs. 13), they will spend more time eating
and will produce about 8% more milk than with less lighting.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It also provides a safer environment for the
people handling the cows, and the cows themselves. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you think about it, you yourself spend
16-18 hours a day with “unnatural light” and are sleeping in darkness for 6-8
hours. How is this different???<o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
<i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unnatural growth:</span></i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Fast and disproportionate growth and production due to selective breeding
causes ailments including chronic pain, mobility problems and heart problems. </span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">TRUTH: Dairy cows reach maturity much faster than humans.
So yeah, they do grow fast. So do dogs and cats. Dairy cows and heifers have
their very own nutritionist that plans and evaluates their meals on a weekly to
monthly basis ensuring that animals have a completely balanced meal, with every
bite. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Let’s think about this logically…
if cows are in chronic pain, are sick, uncomfortable or stressed are they going
to be able to perform at their best??? No. Again, it’s <strong><em><u>counter-productive!</u></em></strong> <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Non-therapeutic medicating</span></i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: So that they can survive the filthy conditions and grow
even faster, some industries feed their animals antibiotics and/or hormones.</span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">TRUTH: Cows are not fed hormones and antibiotics to grow
faster. Monensin is the common culprit in this statement. This is a feed
additive that boosts the metabolism of the animal to better utilize the food
they are eating. A property of this feed additive is that it does have the
ability to help slow the growth of coccidia (a parasite found in the environment) in
animals. Because of this added bonus, it is often fed to younger animals as
part of their complete diet. Garlic is a food that humans often eat that has
additional benefits, such as “antibiotic” properties to it. Does that mean if
you are eating garlic you are “non-therapeutically medicating” yourself???? <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Unnatural reproduction:</span></i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Many female farm animals spend virtually their entire
lives pregnant, putting them under chronic strain. </span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">TRUTH:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I’ve
discussed this before in a previous post. Cows are mammals. In order to produce
milk, they have to have a baby.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If they
don’t have a baby, they stop making milk, get fat, have other metabolic issues
and are no longer productive animals.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>So
yes, mature cows do have a baby every year.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Heifers don’t get pregnant until they are of a mature size and their
uterus is sexually mature and ready to have a baby. It’s nature. Even if
animals weren’t in confinement, they would still have a baby every year.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Absent veterinary care:</span></i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Most factory farms deny animals individualized
veterinary care, including humane euthanasia.</span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">TRUTH: Now this statement is just ridiculous. I am on
these farms every week, for at LEAST an hour a day, if not up to 4-5 hours a
day. As a veterinarian, I am trained to be observant. My patients can’t talk to
me and tell me what’s wrong. As I walk through the barn every week, I have to
pick up on subtle clues to see that something is wrong.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Large farms also have a staff that
specializes in cattle care. These employees spend all day, every day working
with these cows, examining them and treating them as needed. If their sickness
requires veterinary attention, I am called and am on the farm within hours to
attend to the sick animal. Some farms that are larger than the farms that I go
to, even have a veterinarian on staff, that is on site every day, taking care
of issues and sick animals on the farm. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">As far as the euthanasia goes, there are several methods
of approved humane euthanasia techniques as described by the American
Veterinary Medical Association. Attached is the link to these methods, feel
free to read them and realize that these methods are very commonly used on large
farms.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <a href="http://www.aabp.org/resources/euth.pdf" target="_blank">Euthanasia Guidelines</a></span></span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Surgical mutilations:</span></i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Many farm animals undergo painful mutilations to their
tails, testicles, horns, toes or beaks, without painkillers, to make their
behavior more manageable.</span></span><br />
<span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">TRUTH: I’ve also written about this in previous posts.
For the most part, cows do get pain medication when certain procedures are
being performed. Other procedures listed, really aren’t painful procedures, and
feel more like you are cutting your fingernails, not performing surgery. This
is an area that the agriculture industry continues to try to improve on. Most
of which, is training employees of the farm, the techniques to use, so that
pain mitigation is achieved.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>I can
assure you that none of these procedures are done with malicious intent. There
is still plenty of room for improvement, but progress is being made every day
to ensure that cows really are pain free. <o:p></o:p></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">
<i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></i></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"><i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Shortened lives:</span></i><span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> Factory farmed animals are generally slaughtered at “market weight” well
before the end of their natural life spans. In fact, most are still babies.</span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto;">
<span lang="EN" style="color: #c00000; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;">TRUTH: This applies more to the pig and chicken industry
of which I am not practiced in. I encourage you to find resources from the
American Association of Swine Veterinarians, and the American College of
Poultry Veterinarians.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>There is
relevance to the beef industry where steers are fed to market weight and then
slaughtered for beef.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This is part of
the food chain. This is the purpose that farm animals serve and have served for
thousands of years. </span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times;">Just like there are bad lawyers and bad doctors, there are some bad farmers. I won't deny that. There are advantages and disadvantages to the 50 cow farm and the 5000 cow farm. I visit many farms that I am proud to call my clients. They take wonderful care of their animals and are rewarded with healthy cows that make a lot of milk. The more people try to actually understand how a cow lives, what their needs are, and how hard farmers work to provide them these needs, the more ridiculous these ulterior-motive media outlets sound. Still have questions? Find a local farmer or large animal veterinarian and ask!!!</span><span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></span><br />
<span lang="EN" style="mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="font-family: Times, "Times New Roman", serif;"></span></span><br /></div>
<!-- Blogger automated replacement: "https://images-blogger-opensocial.googleusercontent.com/gadgets/proxy?url=http%3A%2F%2F1.bp.blogspot.com%2F-SVW4sJZvBHY%2FUSPvckY9z3I%2FAAAAAAAAAKU%2F_qHXYKWw_Ak%2Fs1600%2FDSC00329.JPG&container=blogger&gadget=a&rewriteMime=image%2F*" with "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj29-irp0x04WVlpwdn4fqsJFr9MKqCSXQsntPEN_GVuVrsruji4mjlT-cSB_p-SKlHcb75E8L90MBc16RQw0mLukfxcJ4aKFEFEgTv8vBh-tTAzeac7eBMH0Ho45mK5YMHRCKS4KZkL7k/s1600/DSC00329.JPG" -->Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17536734874130078542noreply@blogger.com15